湖南通道侗族端午节中的民族植物学  

Ethnobotanical Activities at the Dragon-Boat Festival in Tongdao,Hunan Province

作　　者：刘光华[1,2,3] 佘朝文[1,2,3] 蒋向辉[1,2,3] 石诗博[3] 曾婷婷[3] 

机构地区：[1]怀化学院民族药用植物资源研究与利用湖南省重点实验室 [2]怀化学院湘西药用植物与民族植物学湖南省高校重点实验室 [3]怀化学院生命科学系,湖南怀化418008

出　　处：《植物分类与资源学报》2013年第4期472-478,共7页Plant Diversity

基　　金：国家基本药物所需中药原料资源调查和检测项目(财社[2011]76号);湖南省科技计划重点项目(2009FJ2008);民族药用植物资源研究与利用湖南省重点实验室开放项目(HHUW2011-56);湖南省"十二五"植物学重点建设学科资助(201142);湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划资助(2010212)

摘　　要：通过长期的民族植物学调查,我们发现通道侗族端午节文化习俗古老,保留有传统的祭祀、药浴、配戴饰品、食用保健野菜等习俗。在端午节中,人们利用的植物种类丰富,用于悬挂门户的植物有4种,涉及4科4属;用于药浴的植物有31种,涉及20科28属;用于保健的野生植物有47种,涉及33科44属。这些植物大多为野生药用植物,它们作用不一,用法也不尽相同,而其中一些能用来悬挂、药浴及保健的植物未见有相关报道,它们所包含的科学知识需要进一步去揭示。通道侗族聚居区的民族植物学知识蕴藏丰富,值得仔细深入地发掘和全面研究。Through long-term ethnobotanical investigation, we have discovered many ancient customs, including sac- rificial, medicinal bathing, ornan：ental, and potherb customs, that take place at the traditional Dragon-Boat Festival in Tongdao County, Hunan Province. At this festival, people make full use of a large number of different plants when carrying out these customs. We recorded that plants hanging beside doors included 4 species, belonging to 4 different plant families and 4 genera ; plants for bathing included 31 species, belonging to 20 families and 28 genera ; while wild plants for healthcare included 47 species, belonging to 33 different families and 44 genera, most of which were wild medicinal plants having different functions. The uses of some of the plants recorded are reported for the first time. Reasons for the different uses of plants requires scientific investigation. Ethnobotanical knowledge is rich in the Dong communities and needs to be explored and studied comprehensively.

关 键 词：端午节 民族植物学 通道县 侗族 

分 类 号：K892.3[历史地理—民俗学] Q949.9[历史地理—历史学]