HIV感染孕产妇应用不同抗病毒药物方案对母婴传播的影响  

Influence of different anti-retroviral drugs used by HIV infected pregnant women on mother-to-child transmission

作　　者：王前[1] 王临虹[1] 方利文[1] 吴久玲[1] 王爱玲[1] 王芳[1] 王潇滟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100089

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2013年第3期279-282,共4页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：国家“十五”科技攻关课题资助项目（2004BA719A03）

摘　　要：目的了解艾滋病感染孕产妇应用单一、二联或三联抗逆转录病毒药物方案对母婴传播的影响。方法于2005年1月至2008年12月对23个市／县／区的医疗保健机构发现的并应用抗病毒药物的1120名艾滋病病毒（HIV-1）感染孕产妇及所生儿童进行问卷调查及随访管理，采用结构式调查问卷的形式，调查收集研究对象所应用的抗逆转录病毒药物方案、分娩方式、喂养方式、所生儿童的艾滋病感染状态等相关内容。结果与应用联合抗逆转录病毒药物方案相比，艾滋病感染孕产妇应用单一抗逆转录病毒药物方案发生艾滋病母婴传播的危险最大，为6．92％；而应用二联药物和三联药物方案的母婴传播率分别为3．20％和3．02％，远低于应用单一抗病毒药物方案的母婴传播率（χ^2=8．04，P=0．02）。结论为达到更好的艾滋病母婴传播干预效果，应尽量避免应用单一抗逆转录病毒药物方案，应用联合抗逆转录病毒药物时，应结合地区特点，推广适宜的三联抗病毒药物方案。Objective To understand the influence of single and combination of anti-retroviral drugs （ARVs） used by HIV infected women on mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Methods From January 2005 to December 2008, 1 120 HIV-1 infected mothers took use of ARVs in 23 county or districts medical institutions. They and their children were investigated with questionnaire and followed up. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information including anti-retroviral drug regimens, delivery mode, feeding pattern and HIV status of children born to those HIV positive mothers. Results Compared with combined anti-retroviral regimens, women who received single dose of ARVs had highest risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission （6.92%）. Mother-to-child transmission rate of AIDS infected women with two combined antiretroviral regimens and with triple ARVs was 3.20% and 3.02%, respectively, which was significantly lower than that with single drug regimen （χ^2= 8.04, P = 0.02 ）. Conclusion In order to achieve better intervention effect on mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS, single antiretroviral drugs scheme should be avoided. The combination ARVs needs to be applied according to specific circumstance, and aoorooriate triole ARVs regimen should be oooularized.

关 键 词：艾滋病 母婴传播 抗逆转录病毒药物 联合药物方案 影响 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R512.91[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]