劳力短缺驱动的农机化发展研究——以四川省仁寿县为例  

Laborshortage-driven agricultural mechanization development in Renshou, Sichuan

作　　者：吴维雄[1,2] 杨文钰[2] 马荣朝[2] 罗锡文[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]四川农业大学农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2013年第4期12-15,共4页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAD20B06);四川省科技支撑计划项目(2011FZ0059)

摘　　要：仁寿县地处丘陵,是四川的农业和人口大县。随着劳动力的不断转移,农村出现了无人种地的局面,原有的生产模式难以为继。为了保证农业生产,一方面要优化种植结构,简化农艺措施,并通过保证土地的适耕性来剔除不适合种植的土地,从而减少农业生产对劳动的需求量;另一方面要采用机械化提高作业效率。发展农机化一要做好农机与农艺的结合,确保作业效率;二要着重农业生产集约化与规模化的建设,加强土地规范化和农机作业条件的建设,夯实农机化发展的基础,确保农机作业效益的实现;三要加大对农机化的政策扶持和资金投入,加强农机服务体系的建设,吸引有条件的外出人员返乡投资经营农业,促进农机化的可持续发展。Renshou is located in hilly areas,and is famous for its agriculture and population in Sichuan.However,unprecedented labor shortage happened along with the mass transfer of labor force from rural to urban,traditional production approach is difficult to move on.To ensure agricultural production,on the one hand,labor required for finishing production should be effectively reduced by optimizing planting structure,simplifying agronomic measures,getting rid of lands not suitable for cultivation;on the other hand,working performance should be improved obviously by adopting agricultural mechanization.To develop agricultural mechanization,first,machine and agronomic measures should be calibrated constantly to guarantee working performance;second,beneficial environment for agricultural mechanization,such as intensified and scaled cropping system,land concentration and standardization,infrastructure for machine farming should be gradually provided to the ensure the profitability of mechanization;third,measures such as more financial and policy support from government,perfect service system for mechanization,and attracting farmers who are able to and willing to engage in agriculture back should also be taken to enhance the sustainable development of mechanization.

关 键 词：劳力需求 驱动 农机化 发展 

分 类 号：S233.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]