沙蚕快速培育半滑舌鳎雌性亲鱼方法的研究  

Study on the method of quick cultivation of female parental half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) with nereid

作　　者：李仰真[1] 刘洋[1,2] 范彩霞[1,2] 王天姿[1] 陈常成[3] 李仲明 李庆华 陈松林 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点开放实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]昌邑市三新海洋苗业实验场,山东潍坊261300 [4]海阳市黄海水产有限公司,山东烟台265122

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2013年第4期552-558,共7页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA10A403-2);国家公益性行业科研专项(200903046)

摘　　要：于2012年4月11日至2012年10月3日通过对半滑舌鳎雌性亲鱼投喂沙蚕等鲜活饵料进行强化培育后,结果发现,半滑舌鳎雌鱼生长极快,性腺发育时间提前,产卵期延长,产卵量、受精率和孵化率等显著提高,亲鱼产卵后死亡率大幅度降低。半滑舌鳎亲鱼经过4个月强化培育后,A组(实验组)平均体重由1.25 kg增至1.85 kg,净增重和日增重分别为0.6 kg和4.92 g/d,明显高于B组(对照组)的0.34 kg和2.79 g/d;截至产卵前,A组中198条亲鱼有118条性腺发育成熟,成熟率为59.60%,而B组仅有67条性腺发育成熟,成熟率为33.84%;A组性腺发育成熟的亲鱼产卵后仅有11条死亡,死亡率为9.32%,相反B组有28条亲鱼产卵后死亡,死亡比例高达41.79%,比A组高出32.47%;A组亲鱼性腺于5月26日开始发育,比B组提前了19 d,于9月10日开始产卵,比B组提前了6 d。A组产卵期为24 d,比B组延长了13d;A组亲鱼平均产卵量和平均上浮卵量分别为411.3 mL和263.2 mL,分别高出B组60.6 mL和71.2 mL,且A组平均上浮率(80.97%)明显高于B组(67.65%);A组和B组平均受精率分别为60.37%和47.29%,A组比B组高出13.08%,A组平均孵化率为53.28%,B组为22.40%,A组是B组的2.38倍。两组畸形率都较低,分别为2.36%和4.73%,但A组畸形率不足B组一半。We have cultivated the female broodstock of half-smooth tongue sole intensively by using nereid from llth April 2012 to 3rd October 2012. It turned out that the females grew rapidly and the gonad development had been brought forward, the duration of spawning had been extended, egg laying amount, fertilization rate, hatching rate, etc. had risen notably, and mortality rate had a significant reduction which was the most important. After 4 months culturing, the average body weight of Group A rose from 1.25 kg to 1.85 kg, the net gain and average daily gain were 0.6 kg and 4.92 g/d respectively, which were significantly higher than those of Group B, which were 0. 34 kg and 2. 79 g/d respectively. Before spawning, 118 individuals had matured, the mature rate was 59.60%. However, only in 67 individuals in Group B the gonad had matured, the mature rate was 33.84%. In Group A, 11 individuals were dead, the mortality rate was 9.32% , by contrast, there were 28 individuals dead and the mortality rate was 41.79% , which was much higher than 32.47% over Group A. Gonad of parental fish of Group A began to develop on 26th May, which was 19 days earlier than Group B, and it began to spawn on 10th September, which was 6 days earlier. The spawning duration of Group A was 24 days, 13 days were extended compared with Group B. Mean fecundity and mean floating eggs were 411.3 mL and 263.2 mL separately, which was 60.6 mL and 71.2 mL higher than Group B respectively, also the average of floating rate of Group A （80.97 % ） was notably higher than Group B （67.65%）. The fertilization rates of the 2 groups were 60.37% and 47.29% separately. Group A was 13.08% higher than Group B. The hatching rates of the 2 groups were 53.28% and 22.40% , Group A was 2.38 times as much as Group B. Both of the 2 groups＇ aberration rates were low, 2.36% and 4.73% separately, however, Group A was less than half of Group B.

关 键 词：半滑舌鳎 沙蚕 产卵量 死亡率 受精率 孵化率 

分 类 号：S965.3[农业科学—水产养殖]