玉龙雪山现代季风温冰川对气候变化的响应  

Response of Modern Monsoon Temperate Glacier to Climate Change in Yulong Mountain

作　　者：杜建括[1,2] 辛惠娟[1,2] 何元庆[1,3] 牛贺文[3] 蒲焘[3] 曹伟宏[1,2] 张涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《地理科学》2013年第7期890-896,共7页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40971019;41273010);国家自然科学基础人才培养基金冰川冻土学特殊学科点项目(11J0930003)资助

摘　　要：以玉龙雪山冰川区为研究区,基于野外观测数据及遥感数据,分析玉龙雪山现代季风温冰川的响应过程,探讨冰川变化的主要原因。结果表明:玉龙雪山地区冰川持续退缩明显;近年来白水1号冰川冰裂隙数量增多,规模扩大,冰川退缩速度不断加快;冰川冰体温度升高,从而导致冰川消融加快;2004和2009年在玉龙雪山东坡发生的崩塌事件,是冰川消融加剧,冰体温度上升的直接反应;气候变暖是玉龙雪山冰川退缩的主要原因。Sensitive responding to climate change is the most remarkable feature of monsoon temperate glaciers,as the most direct and brightest indicator of climate change it would substantially go forward or backward by a weak change of temperature.This article selects Yulong Mountain as research region,which is the southernmost temperate glacier region at present in China and Eurasian continent.Based on field observation data and remote sensing data,combining previous research results,the response process of Yulong Mountain to climatic change is emphatically analyzed.Additionally,this article especially studies the area,shape,temperature,width,and terminus etc variation of Baishui No.1 glacier,and discusses the main causes of glacial changes.The result was as follows： 1） Glaciers retreat was continuous and obvious in Yulong Mountain.Compared with 19 glaciers with total area of 11.6 km2 in 1957,6 glaciers had disappeared completely,and only 13 glaciers exist at present,with a total area of 5.30 km2 in 2001 and 4.42 km2 in 2009.The changing rate of glacier area was-1.19% in 1957-2009,which was much faster than that of other typical glacier region in China.2） Compared with 1982,the quantity of the Baishui No.1glacier crevasses increased and their scales also extend in the context of global climate change,the body of glacier had ruptured on the firn basin.A series of massive crevasses had formed on the glacier surface since 2011.Meanwhile,the ice river/lake had appeared since 2008,glacial ablation was much intense.3） The glacier terminus elevation displayed rising state overall in 1982-2011,and the rising amplitude had increased since 1999.The retreat speed of Baishui No.1 glacier was 8.8 m/a in 1982-2011,and increased to 13.8 m/a in 1999-2011.4） The lowest temperature from glacier surface to 8 m depth at the ablation area was-0.8℃ in 1982,and rising to-0.39℃ in 2009.Rising glacier temperature caused melt speed of the ice accelerate and mass balance loss intensifying.5） The accelerating glacier ablation and ri

关 键 词：玉龙雪山 季风温冰川 冰川响应 气候变化 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]