早期肠内营养支持策略对早产儿生长发育的影响  

Effect of Early Enteral Nutrition on Growth and Development of Preterm Infants

作　　者：董传莉[1] 谢怀珍[1] 张兰[1] 宫芬[1] 贾文婷[1] 杨芳芳[1] 汪灵芝[1] 陈兰举[1] 

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院第二附属医院儿科,安徽省蚌埠市233040

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2013年第9期1359-1361,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨早期肠内营养支持策略对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法2006年9月-2011年8月收治的早产儿36例为对照组，采用传统的喂养方式喂养；2011年9月-2012年11月收治的早产儿48例为观察组，严格遵从尽早开始喂养（24h内）、微量喂养、谨慎禁食、提供非营养性吸吮、适量加奶、促进排便的喂养原则，并在肠内营养耐受后逐渐撤销肠外营养、尽快达到经口喂养。观察两组早产儿恢复至出生体质量时间、体质量增长速度、达到足量喂养时间、胎粪排空时间、光疗时间、喂养不耐受的例数及平均住院时间。结果观察组和对照组早产儿恢复至出生体质量时间、体质量增长速度、达到足量喂养时间、胎粪排空时间、光疗时间、发生喂养不耐受的例数比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05—0．01）；平均住院时间差异无统计学意义。结论早期积极的肠内营养支持策略对早产儿是安全的，可以促进早产儿的生长发育和胃肠道功能成熟，减少并发症。Objective To study the effect of early enteral nutrition on the growth and development of preterm infants. Meth- ods Thirty six premature infants admitted from September 2006 to August 2011 were involved as control group and were given traditional feeding. 48 premature infants admitted from September 2011 to November 2012 were involved as observation group, which strictly followed principles including feeding milk as early as possible （within 24 h）, minimal feeding, careful fasting, giving non-nutritive sucking, right volume increasing, promoting defecation and gradual removal of parenteral nutrition after having toler- ance of enteral nutrition. The time of recovering to birth weight, speed of body weight gain, time of reaching whole enteral feeding and meconium emptying and phototherapy,number of the cases of feeding intolerance and average hospitalization time were ob- served. Results In observation group, the time of recovering to birth weight, speed of body weight gain, time of reaching whole enteral feeding and meconium emptying and phototherapy, number of the cases of feeding intolerance showed statistically signifi- cant differences （ P 〈 0.05 to 0.01 ）. And the average hospitalization time of the premature infants in the two groups showed no statistically significant difference （P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The early positive enteral nutrition on premature is safe. It is conduc- tive to the growth of premature infants, the maturity of gastrointestinal function and the decrease of complications.

关 键 词：肠内营养 生长 婴儿 早产 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科] R459.3[医药卫生—临床医学]