社区感染和医院感染大肠埃希菌耐药性分析  

Analysis of drug resistance of E.coli from community infection and hospital infection

作　　者：向蓉[1] 杨新怀[1] 隋洪[1] 陈光辉[1] 徐宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属小榄人民医院检验科,广东中山528415

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2013年第22期139-141,共3页China Medical Herald

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目(编号A2011751);广东省科技厅计划项目(编号2009B04080 0002-2)

摘　　要：目的了解社区和医院感染大肠埃希菌的情况和耐药性,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法采用VITEK 2 GN和AST-GN13卡进行菌株鉴定及药敏试验,采用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行分析处理。结果社区感染大肠埃希菌产ESBLs菌株阳性率(51.0%)显著低于医院感染(68.2%)(P=0.029)。933株大肠埃希菌对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、碳青霉烯类和头霉类抗生素敏感性最高,对青霉素类、头孢类和磺胺类抗生素耐药率最高。结论社区感染大肠埃希菌患者以儿童居多,医院感染患者以老年人居多,医院感染大肠埃希菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率高于社区感染大肠埃希菌。合理使用抗菌药物,注意手卫生依从性,减少侵入性操作,是控制细菌耐药性产生和传播的有效措施。Objective To study the drug resistance of E.coli from community infection and hospital infection,in order to provide the basis for clinical rational drug use.Methods The drug susceptibility test were analyzed by VITEK-2 GN and AST-GN13 cards.The data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0.Results The rate of ESBLs（＋） strains isolated from community infection and hospital infection was 51.0% and 68.2% respectively.The ESBLs（＋） rate of E.coli isolated from community infection was significantly lower than that from hospital infection（P = 0.029）.The 933 strains of E.coli strains showed the lowest drug resistance rates to Piperacillin/Tazobactam,carbapenems and cephalosporins,which showed the highest drug resistance rates to penicillins,cephalosporins and sulfa antibiotics.Conclusion Children have the higher incidence in community infection,while the elderly have the higher incidence in hospital infection.The E.coli from hospital infection showed higher resistance rate to common antibiotics than community infection strains.Using an tibiotics rationally,improving hand hygiene compliance and lessing invasive process are effective methods to reduce the drug-resistant strains.

关 键 词：社区感染 医院感染 大肠埃希菌 耐药性监测 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]