堰塞坝漫顶溃决试验分析与模型模拟  

Experimental and numerical study of a landslide dam failure due to overtopping

作　　者：刘磊[1] 钟德钰[1] 张红武[1] 李肖男[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期583-588,共6页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51039003)

摘　　要：为了解不同因素对于堰塞坝漫顶溃坝过程的影响,该文针对入流流量、坝体坡度、坝顶长度和坝顶高度4个主要影响参数进行了9组对比试验,研究了4个参数对溃坝冲刷过程、洪峰流量和峰现时间的影响。结果表明:入流流量和坝顶高度对泄流过程影响较大且与洪峰流量成正相关关系,但坝顶高度的增加会导致峰现时间的延后;减小坝坡度和增加坝顶宽度都能减小冲刷速率从而起到加固坝体的作用,同时可以降低洪峰流量并延长峰现时间。基于对试验结果的分析建立了漫顶溃坝洪水预测模型,并对9组试验进行了模拟计算,对比结果表明本模型具有较好的精度。Experiments were conducted to investigate the influences of inflow discharge, dam slope, dam crest and dam height on the dam failure process, peak flood discharge and peak time for a failure due to overtopping. This study shows that the inflow discharge, dam slope and dam height all increase the peak discharge, while the dam crest height reduces the discharge rate. The inflow discharge and the dam slope reduce the peak time, while the dam crest and dam height increase the peak time. A physically based model was then developed to predict dam break flooding due to overtopping with the results agreeing well with the experimental observations.：

关 键 词：堰塞坝 漫顶溃坝 溃坝试验 洪峰预测 

分 类 号：TV212.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]