饲料蛋能比对翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长性能、肠道和肝胰脏消化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Dietary Protein to Energy Ratio on Growth Performance and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Topmouth Culter, Culter alburnus

作　　者：宋林[1] 樊启学[1] 胡培培[1] 刘汝鹏[1] 王昆鹏[1] 姚昌林[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2013年第7期1480-1487,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B00;2012BAD25B08)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料蛋能比对翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长性能、肠道和肝胰脏消化酶活性的影响。试验设3个蛋白质水平(45%、40%、35%)和3个脂肪水平(5%、8%、11%),配成9种不同蛋能比的试验饲料。选取初始均重为(10.14±0.40)g的翘嘴鲌幼鱼810尾,随机分为9组(每组3个重复,每个重复30尾),分别投喂蛋能比为30.94(蛋白质/脂肪=45%/5%,D1)、29.73(蛋白质/脂肪=40%/5%,D2)、28.11(蛋白质/脂肪=35%/5%,D3)、29.03(蛋白质/脂肪=45%/8%,D4)、27.79(蛋白质/脂肪=40%/8%,D5)、26.32(蛋白质/脂肪=35%/8%,D6)、26.90(蛋白质/脂肪=45%/11%,D7)、25.71(蛋白质/脂肪=40%/11%,D8)、23.50 g/M J(蛋白质/脂肪=35%/11%,D9)的试验饲料8周。结果表明:饲料蛋能比对翘嘴鲌幼鱼增重率、特定生长率、肝体比和肠脂比均有显著影响(P<0.05)。增重率和特定生长率的最大值均出现在D5组,但D5组的特定生长率与D4、D6、D7组无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲料蛋能比显著影响肠道和肝胰脏蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),二者均随饲料蛋能比增加而先升后降。其中,肠道蛋白酶活性以D4组最高,并显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);肝胰脏蛋白酶活性以D7组最高,但与D4、D5、D6组差异不显著(P>0.05)。肠道和肝胰脏脂肪酶活性随饲料蛋能比的改变产生显著变化(P<0.05),但未表现出规律性。各组肠道和肝胰脏淀粉酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,翘嘴鲌幼鱼饲料适宜蛋能比在26.90～29.03 g/MJ范围内,由二次曲线回归方程得出饲料蛋能比为27.15 g/MJ时的特定生长率最大;考虑到翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长效果和节约蛋白质情况,饲料适宜蛋能比下的蛋白质、脂肪水平应分别为40%、8%。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary protein to energy ratio （P/E） on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile topmouth culter, Culter alburnus. Nine experimental diets with different dietary P/E were formulated to contain 3 protein levels （45%, 40% and 35%） and 3 lipid levels （5%, 8% and 11%）. A total of 810 juvenile topmouth culter with an initial average body weight of （10.14？3.40） g were randomly divided into 9 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate. Fish in the 9 groups were fed the experimental diets with 30.94 （protein/lipid=45%/5%, D1）, 29.73 （protein/lipid=40%/5%, D2）, 28.11 （protein/lipid=35%/5%, D3）, 29.03 （protein/lipid=45%/8%, D4）, 27.79 （protein/lipid=40%/8%, D5）, 26.32 （protein/lipid=35%/8%, D6）, 26.90 （protein/lipid=45%/11%, D7）, 25.71 （protein/lipid=40%/11%, D8） and 23.50 g/MJ （protein/lipid=35%/11%, D9） for 8 weeks, respectively. The results showed as follows： dietary P/E significantly affected the weight gain rate （WGR）, specific growth rate （SRG）, hepatopancreas somatic index （HSI） and intraperitoneal fat ratio （IPR） （P〈0.05）, and the maximum of WGR and SGR were all found in group D5, but showed no significant difference compared with groups D4, D6 and D7 in SRG （P〉0.05）. Dietary P/E significantly affected the protease activity in intestine and hepatopancreas （P〈0.05）, and both of them were firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of dietary P/E. The intestinal protease activity in group D4 had the highest value, and was significantly higher than that in other groups （P〈0.05）; the hepatopancreas protease activity in group D7 had the highest value, but showed no significant difference compared with groups D4, D5 and D6 （P〉0.05）. Dietary P/E significantly affected the lipase activity in intestine and hepatopancreas （P〈0.05）, but the regularity of variations was not so obvious with dietary P/E change. Dietary

关 键 词：翘嘴鲌幼鱼 蛋能比 生长性能 消化酶活性 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]