粤东典型海湾表层沉积物Cd的分布及其潜在生态危害评价  

Distribution characteristics of cadmium and assessment of its potential ecological risk in the surface sediments of five typical bays in the east coast areas of Guangdong Province

作　　者：张小华[1,2] 钟立峰[1] 苗莉[1] 黄蔚霞[1,2] 颜文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2013年第2期118-127,共10页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广东省“908”专项(GD908-01-03);广东“908”集成项目(GD908-JC-07)

摘　　要：对粤东海域5个典型海湾64个表层沉积物样进行了重金属Cd含量的测定,分析探讨了其空间分布特征及其主要影响因素,并以南海陆架区Cd含量为背景值计算了粤东5个海湾表层沉积物Cd的潜在生态危害系数。结果显示,柘林湾、汕头湾、汕尾湾、大亚湾和大鹏湾表层沉积物Cd的含量范围分别为0.04—0.58、0.06—6.63、0.06—0.11、0.04—0.20、0.08—0.15 mg.kg 1,其分布表现为:柘林湾养殖区和三百门附近海域以及汕头湾拦沙堤末端海域和好望角附近海域Cd含量高于其他海区,汕尾湾的Cd含量由近岸向外海、西部到东部增加,而大亚湾和大鹏湾外湾含量高。重金属输入和水动力条件是控制Cd分布的决定性因素。生态危害评价表明,养殖区、三百门附近海域、拦沙堤末端海域和好望角附近海域Cd污染达到了中等甚至很强的生态危害水平,污染比较严重。来自入海河流携带工业污染物注入、沿岸排污、水产养殖沉降、产业转移人为排放和金属矿床开采释放的Cd已造成了近海环境的污染,应当引起相关部门的重视。Contents of cadmium （Cd） were determined using 64 surface sediments collected from five typical bays in the east coast areas of Guangdong Province. The distribution characteristics of Cd in the surface sediments and their main factors were discussed. Meanwhile, their potential ecological risk indexes were calculated with respect to the background value of the continental shelf of the South China Sea. The results showed that content ranges of Cd in Zhelin Bay, Shantou Bay, Shanwei Bay, Daya Bay, and Dapeng Bay were 0.04-0.58, 0.06-6.63, 0.06-0.11, 0.04-0.20, and 0.08-0.15 mg·kg-1, with the distributions showing that the contents of Cd in culture farming areas and the seas near Sanbaimen Dam, sandbreak dam and Haowangjiao were higher than in other areas and that the content increased from inshore to offshore, from west to east in Shantou Bay and were high in the outer bay in Daya Bay and Dapeng Bay. Heavy metals’ inputs and hydrodynamic conditions were the decisive factors in controlling the Cd distribution. Ecological risk assessment revealed that potential ecological risks in culture farming areas and the seas near Sanbaimen Dam, sandbreak dam and Haowangjiao were above the average level, which suggested that pollutions were serious. The Cd from industrial pollutants’ input carried by the rivers, coastal sewages, aquaculture settlements, anthropogenic emissions by industrial transfers, and metal deposits discharges had already caused environmental pollutions. We should pay more attentions to the situation.

关 键 词：CD 潜在生态危害 表层沉积物 典型海湾 粤东 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]