排水疏干胁迫下若尔盖高原沼泽退化评价指标体系  

Evaluation index system of swamp degradation in Zoige Plateau of Sichuan,Southwest China under drainage stress

作　　者：杨永兴[1] 李珂[1] 杨杨[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室/长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200092

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第7期1826-1836,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171074;U0933601;40771013)资助

摘　　要：沼泽退化评价指标体系研究是国际湿地科学研究前沿领域的关键科学问题之一.在长期野外考察的基础上,根据2009年3个排水疏干沼泽退化研究样带20个沼泽的植物群落生态观测和土壤分析数据,基于沼泽植物群落物种重要值的双向指示种分析(TWINSPAN),将沼泽样地划分为未受干扰(A型)、受长期低强度排水干扰(B～D型)和受短期高强度排水干扰(E～G型)3类,其中又可分为7个植物群落类型.采用主成分分析法(PCA)对沼泽退化进行分级,建立了若尔盖高原沼泽评价的植被指标体系(SVEI)和土壤指标体系(SSEI).基于SVEI,将沼泽划分为原始沼泽、轻度退化沼泽、中度退化沼泽和重度退化沼泽.基于SSEI,将红原县沼泽划分为原始沼泽、轻度退化沼泽和重度退化沼泽3个等级,将若尔盖县沼泽划分为轻度退化沼泽、中度退化沼泽和重度退化沼泽3个等级.SVEI或SSEI评价结果与TWINSPAN分类结果相似度均在70%以上,说明SVEI或SSEI对沼泽退化分级均具有较好的效果,可采用不同方法相结合的方式对高原沼泽进行综合评价.The evaluation index system of swamp degradation is one of the key scientific issues in the frontier field of international wetland science research. On the basis of long-term swamp field reconnaissance, and according to the fixed position ecological investigation of plant communities and the analysis of soil samples in 20 swamp plots in three belt transects of swamp degradation research under the stress of drainage in 2009, the swamps in the Zoige Plateau of Sichuan were classified into three groups with seven swamp communities, i. e. , undisturbed （A type）, disturbed by long- term and weak drainage （B-D type ）, and disturbed by short-term and strong drainage （E-G type）, according to the species importance value and by Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis （TWINSPAN）. The degradation degree of the swamps was graded by the method of Principal Components Analysis （PCA）, and the swamp vegetation evaluation index （SVEI） and soil evaluation index （SSEI） were developed. Based on the SVEI, the swamps were classified as pristine swamp, lightly degraded swamp, moderately degraded swamp, and severely degraded swamp. Based on the SSEI, the swamps in Hongyuan County were divided into three grades, i. e. pristine swamp, lightly degraded swamp, and severely degraded swamp, while those in Ruoergai County were divided into lightly degraded swamp, moderately degraded swamp of TWINSPAN classification results and SVEI/SSEI , and severely degraded swamp. The similarity evaluation results was above 70%, indicating that both SVEI and SSEI were effective for the swamp degradation grading, and different classifica- tion methods should be combined to comprehensively evaluate the swamps in the Plateau.

关 键 词：沼泽 排水疏干 沼泽退化评价 评价指标体系 若尔盖高原 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]