森林所有制对景观格局和动物生境的影响研究进展  

Effects of forest ownership regime on landscape pattern and animal habitat:A review

作　　者：李月辉[1] 吴文[1,2] 李娜娜[1,3] 布仁仓[1] 胡远满[1] 

机构地区：[1]中科院沈阳应用生态研究所森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,沈阳110164 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]伦敦大学皇后玛丽学院

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第7期2056-2062,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271201;40871245;40701185);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050201)资助

摘　　要：在欧美等地区的林业发达国家,多种森林所有制长期并存,至今,多种所有制影响下森林景观和生境格局的变化以及与动物保护之间的关系成为研究热点和重点.本文首先阐述了森林所有制对森林景观格局和动物生境的影响,以及林权分散和林权流转的加剧带来的生态后果,包括提供多样化的生境和导致原有大面积生境的破碎化;其次,总结了林业发达国家解决林权分散与生物保护之间矛盾的两个理论途径——改变所有制格局和相对统一各所有制的管理行为,分析现多采用后一种途径的原因,并指出目前森林所有制研究中模拟方法的局限;最后,论述我国的研究现状以及面临的机遇和挑战,提出近期发展建议.In some European and North American countries where forestry is highly developed, both public and private forest ownership regimes have being existed for a long time. Currently, the researches about both the dynamics of forest landscape and habitat pattern and the relationship between habitat pattern and biological conservation in multi-ownership forest landscape are increasingly becoming important. This paper reviewed the effects of multi-ownership regime on forest landscape pattern and animal habitat and emphasized on the ecological consequences of forest parcelization and land divestiture, including the provision of diverse habitats and fragmentation of the existing large-area habitat. This paper also summarized two ways （changing the ownership pattern and integrating the multi-ownership management by cross boundary coordination） for handling the conflicts between small-scaled multi-ownership management and biological conservation at large scale in forestry-developed countries and analyzed the reasons that those countries prefer to adopt the latter one. Furthermore, the methodological limitations in simulating ownership pattern were pointed out. Finally, the present status, challenges and opportunities in the above-mentioned research issues in China were discussed, and the suggestions for further researches were provided.

关 键 词：所有制格局 生境保护 森林景观破碎化 国有林区 林权改革 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]