放牧强度季节调控对短花针茅荒漠草原土壤养分的影响  

Effects of seasonal regulation of grazing intensity on soil nutrients in Stipa breviflora desert grassland

作　　者：孙世贤[1] 卫智军[1] 陈立波[2] 吕世杰[1] 陈越[1] 王敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第5期748-754,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科技项目不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置(200903060);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B07)

摘　　要：以内蒙古高原荒漠草原亚带短花针茅（Stipa breviflora）草原为研究对象,设置五个放牧强度季节调控处理和对照处理,对不同处理方式下土壤养分进行研究。结果表明：放牧的季节调控对土壤养分状况有一定的影响。0-10 cm土层全氮、速效氮、NH4-N在各放牧处理下无显著差异（P〉0.05）,春季零放牧＋夏季重度放牧＋秋季适度放牧处理下全氮含量随土层深度的变化无显著差异（P〉0.05）,春季零放牧＋夏季适度放牧＋秋季重度放牧土壤表层全氮高于底层,秋季重度放牧土壤全氮含量有往表层积累趋势。土壤全磷、速效磷含量随土层深度的变化无显著差异（P〉0.05）,春季适度放牧＋夏季适度放牧＋秋季适度放牧下0-10 cm土层全磷、速效磷含量低于其他土层,短期的放牧对草地磷的养分含量无太大的影响。全钾含量在春季零放牧＋夏季重度放牧＋秋季适度放牧和春季零放牧＋夏季适度放牧＋秋季适度放牧下无显著差异（P〉0.05）。速效钾含量0-10、20-30 cm土层春季零放牧＋夏季重度放牧＋秋季适度放牧明显高于春季零放牧＋夏季适度放牧＋秋季适度放牧（P〈0.05）,全年载蓄率相同的情况下季节载蓄率的调整能影响钾的有效性。土壤有机质含量在不同放牧处理下较对照区有所增加;在0-10cm土层各放牧处理较对照有机质有增加的趋势。速磷与NH4-N、NO3-N具有极显著相关关系（P〈0.01）,全氮和有机质具有极显著相关关系（P〈0.01）。In this study, we investigated the Soil Nutrients under Seasonal Regulation of Grazing Intensity in Stipa breviflora desert grassland of inner Mongolia, china. An experimental design was used with six treatments of five Seasonal Regulation of Grazing Intensity and CK. The results show that the total N, available N, NH4-N were no significant in different treatment （P〉0.05） in 0-10 cm soil layer. The total nitrogen content with soil depth change was no significant difference in SA1 （zero-grazing in spring, severe grazing in autumn and moderate grazing in summer） treatment （P〉0.05）. The total nitrogen of surface soil was higher than the bottom in the SA2 （zero-grazing in spring, moderate grazing in summer and severe grazing in autumn） treatment. The total P and available P content with soil depth change was no significant difference （P〉0.05）. In the SA5 （moderate grazing in spring, moderate grazing in summer and moderate grazing in autumn） treatment, total P and available P content were lower the other layer in the 0-10 cm soil layer. In the SA1 treatment, the available K content of 0-10, 20-30 cm soil layer was higher than SA2 （zero-grazing in spring, moderate grazing in summer and severe grazing in autumn） treatment （P〈0.05）. The soil organic matter of the five Seasonal Regulation of Grazing Intensity were increased with CK treatment. Available P was significant correlation with NH4-N, NO3-N （P〈0.01）. Total N had significant correlation with organic matter （P〈0.01）.

关 键 词：短花针茅 放牧强度 季节调控 土壤养分 相关性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]