杜鹃红山茶(Camellia changii Ye)的扦插苗、嫁接苗和砧木的光合作用特征  

Photosynthetic characteristics of cutting seedlings, grafted seedlings and stock of Camellia changii Ye

作　　者：刘红晓[1,2] 袁莲莲[1,3] 刘楠[1] 任海[1] 简曙光[1] 盘桂波 张倩媚[1] 梁青云 林喜珀 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]仲恺农业工程学院,广东广州510225 [4]广东阳春鹅凰嶂省级自然保护区,广东阳春529631

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第6期996-1000,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

摘　　要：杜鹃红山茶（Camellia changii Ye）是山茶科全年开花的珍稀种类,其自然繁殖能力差,需要人工辅助的传粉、扦插或嫁接进行繁殖。本文研究了杜鹃红山茶扦插苗、嫁接苗及其砧木（油茶,Camellia oleifera Abel）3种苗木的叶绿素荧光参数和光合作用参数。结果显示,砧木及杜鹃红山茶的嫁接苗和扦插苗的叶片电子传递速率光曲线均随着光合有效辐射的增强而逐渐升高至最大值,后趋于相对稳定或略有下降,其光饱和点均在800~1 000μmol.m-2.s-1附近。研究还表明,3种苗木的最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、实际光化学效率（ΦPSII）、光化学荧光淬灭（qP）、相对电子传递速率（rETR）、最大净光合速率（Pmax）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、瞬时水分利用效率（IWUE）和瞬时光能利用效率（ILUE）均表现为砧木〉嫁接苗〉扦插苗,而非荧光淬灭（NPQ）的大小顺序则为：扦插苗〉嫁接苗〉砧木。这些结果表明,在这3种苗木中,砧木具有高光合、高蒸腾的特点,而扦插苗的光合蒸腾能力最弱。从光合生理的角度表明砧木适应能力最强、扦插苗最弱,而嫁接苗适应能力居中,商品化生产苗木可采用嫁接方式。Camellia changii Ye is a rare and endangered species in Theaceae that can blossom within the whole year. This species relies on techniques such as artificial pollination, cutting or grafting for breeding, because of its low reproductive ability. In this paper, we studied on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic parameters of grafted seedlings and cutting seedlings of C. changii and stock species （C. oleifera Abel）. The results showed that relative electron transport rate （rETR） increased with elevated photosynthetically active radiation （PAR） and reached its maximum value at 800-1 000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, then maintained or decreased slightly. The results also indicated that the maxima/photochemical efficiency of PSII （Fv/Fro）, the actual photochemical efficiency （ФPSII）, photochemical fluorescence quenches （qP）, relative electron transport rate （rETR）, maximum photosynthetic rate （Pmax）, transpiration rate （Tr）, instantaneous water use efficiency （IWUE） and instantaneous light use efficiency （ILUE） of stock were higher than grafted seedlings and cutting seedlings, while the NPQ value of stock was lower than that of grafted seedlings and cutting seedlings. The stock seedling has the highest ability of photosynthesis and transpiration to which proves its better adaptation to the environment from photosynthetic aspects. The adaptation ability of grafting seedling is better than the cutting seedling and can be used as commercial seedling.

关 键 词：杜鹃红山茶 油茶 砧木 嫁接苗 荧光参数 光合作用参数 适应能力 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]