习服后风洞噪声相关听力损失易感性及其耳蜗超微结构变化  

Effects of Sound Conditioning on Wind Tunnel Noise-induced Hearing Loss and Related Ultra Structure Changes in Cochlea

作　　者：吴玮[1,2] 韩浩伦[1] 王方园[1] 屈昌北[1] 王刚[1] 王鸿南[1] 李保卫[1] 余萌[2] 孟令照[1] 王普杰[1] 虞学军[3] 吴大蔚[3] 牛聪敏[3] 刘钢[3] 

机构地区：[1]解放军306医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100101 [2]北京大学解放军306医院教学医院,北京100101 [3]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100193

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2013年第2期288-292,共5页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：全军十一五医药卫生科技攻关科研项目(项目号:08G059)

摘　　要：目的研究噪声习服后暴露和直接暴露于风洞噪声条件下豚鼠听力损失的易感性,和其耳蜗超微结构的变化。方法健康成年豚鼠100只随机分为习服后暴露组和直接暴露组,暴露于习服噪声和风洞噪声,于实验前、习服后、暴露后分别测定听性脑干反应阈值。根据其变化筛选噪声性听力损失易感和非易感个体,并通过扫描电镜观察其耳蜗形态学变化。结果习服后暴露组高强度风洞噪声引起的听阈升高程度较直接暴露组轻,其耳蜗内、外毛细胞病变较直接暴露组轻,各组内易感个体毛细胞损伤较非易感个体明显严重。结论噪声习服可有效减少风洞噪声暴露引起的听力损失和毛细胞损伤,但暴露于相同噪声条件下,其听力损失和毛细胞损伤存在较大个体差异。Objective To investigate the effects of sound conditioning on wind tunnel noise-induced hearing loss and related cochlear ultra structure changes. Method One hundred healthy guinea pigs were randomly selected to receive sound-conditioning before exposure to wind tunnel noise, or to be exposed to wind tunnel noise without sound conditioning. Thresholds of auditory brainstem response （ABR） were measured at baseline, after sound conditioning and following exposure to wind tunnel noise. Cochlear morphological changes were examined under a scanning electron microscope. Susceptible and non-susceptible individuals to wind tunnel noise-induced hearing loss were identified based upon post-exposure ABR threshold changes. Result Sound-conditioned animals showed less ABR threshold elevation in general following subsequent exposure to wind tunnel noise, compared with those without conditioning, with less severe inner and outer hair cell damage in the cochlea. Hair cell damage in ＂susceptible＂ individuals appeared heavier than that in ＂non-susceptible＂ individuals in both sound conditioned and non-conditioned animals. Conclusion Sound conditioning can effectively reduce hearing loss and hair cell damage induced by wind tunnel noise exposure, although there appear to be significant inter-individual differ- ences among susceptible and non-susceptible individuals under the same noise exposure condition.

关 键 词：风洞噪声 噪声习服 易感性 听力损失 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：R764.433[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R322.923[医药卫生—临床医学]