含磁黄铁矿硫化铜矿石的电位调控浮选研究  

Potential Control Flotation of Pyrrhotite-Bearing Copper Sulfide Ore

作　　者：李文娟[1] 宋永胜[1] 王琴琴 周桂英[1] 屈伟[1] 温建康[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京有色金属研究总院生物冶金国家工程实验室,北京100088 [2]中材地质工程勘察研究院,北京100176

出　　处：《稀有金属》2013年第4期611-620,共10页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家科技部高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2012AA062402)资助项目

摘　　要：针对含磁黄铁矿的硫化铜矿石进行了电位调控浮选研究,主要考察了磨矿细度与矿物解离度和电位的关系、氧化钙用量(pH值)与电位的关系,电位与浮选指标的关系。研究结果表明随着磨矿细度的增加,矿物单体解离度增加,但在磨矿细度为-74μm占70%后增加不明显;随着磨矿细度增加,矿浆电位降低,黄铜矿在很宽的矿浆电位范围可浮性都很好,而铜粗精矿中磁黄铁矿含量随矿浆电位下降而减少,证明浮选指标除与矿物的单体解离度有关外,与磨矿矿浆也有密切的关系,因此浮选指标受pH-矿浆电位-磨矿细度等参数的三维控制;溶解氧降低和二价铁离子形成是引起磨矿过程中电位减低的原因,其中以二价铁离子的形成影响为主;随着CaO用量增大,矿浆pH值升高,矿浆电位先升高后降低,当氧化钙用量为1000～2000 g.t-1,pH值为10.17～11.63,磨矿矿浆电位为-33～62 mV时,得到含铜18.61%,铜回收率91.02%的铜精矿。另外,通过循环伏安测试证明含磁黄铁矿硫化铜矿石的电位调控浮选在理论上的可行性,并通过自腐蚀行为测试和迦伐尼电偶测试证明磨矿过程中引起二价铁离子形成的主要原因是铁介质的氧化,且矿物-铁介质的迦伐尼电偶作用会加强铁介质腐蚀。The study on potential control flotation of pyrrhotite-bearing copper sulfide ore was conducted, including the relationship a- mong particle size, liberation with potential, CaO consumption （pH） with potential, and potential with floatation index. The results showed that the liberation degree increased with the decrease of the particle size, but the increase was not obvious when the particle size was finer than - 74 p^m occupying 70%. The pulp potential reduced with the decrease of the particle size; chalcopyrite could float well in a wide pulp potential range and the content of pyrrhotite in copper concentrate decreased with the reduction of pulp potential. The floatation results were not only relative with mineral liberation degree but also the pulp potential, so the floatation results were controlled by pH-pulp potential-particle size, i.e. three-dimensional control; the pulp potential reduction was introduced by the oxygen concen- tration decrease in the pulp and the generation of Fe2＋ , and the latter impacted more; pH rose and the pulp potential rose firstly, and then decreased with the increase of CaO consumption. Copper concentrate, the recovery of which was 91.02% and contained 18.61% copper, could be achieved at CaO consumption from 1000 to 2000 g.t-l （pH is 10.17- 11.63 ）, when the pulp potential after grinding was -33 to 62 mV. Besides, the cyclic voltammetry measurement proved the theoretical feasibility of potential control flotation of pyr-rhotite-bearing copper sulfide ore. The self corrosion measurement and Galvanic couple measurement revealed the formation of Fe2＋ was mainly aroused by the oxidation of iron medium, and furthermore, the oxidation action would be accelerated by the minerals.

关 键 词：电位调控 磁黄铁矿 硫化铜矿石 循环伏安测试 迦伐尼电偶 

分 类 号：TD913[矿业工程—选矿]