新疆春小麦品种主要性状的主成分及聚类分析  

Clustering and Principal Components Analysis of Xinjiang Spring Wheat Cultivars

作　　者：徐红军[1] 穆培源[1,2] 相吉山[1,2] 韩新年[1] 崔凤娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所,新疆石河子832000 [2]谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第7期100-106,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：NSFC-新疆联合基金(U1178306);兵团博士资金项目(2010JC02);兵团重大产学研合作科技专项(2010ZX03);兵团农业科技攻关计划(2011BA002);新疆农垦科学院科技引导计划(44YYD201204)

摘　　要：对34个新疆春小麦品种的14主要性状进行主成分分析,并根据主成分值对品种进行聚类分析。结果表明,新疆春小麦品种主要性状变异丰富,各性状变异系数表现为每穗不育小穗数>成穗率>总茎数>主穗粒质量>收获穗数>产量>每穗主穗粒数>每穗结实小穗数>千粒质量>穗长>基本苗>每穗小穗数>株高>生育期。61.76%的品种产量高于5 250kg/hm2,产量较高的有新春20号、新春23号和新春26号。主成分分析显示,7个主成分的特征向量累计贡献率达89.34%,依次为穗部性状因子、籽粒形成因子、株高因子、群体大小因子、生育期因子、产量因子和粒质量因子。根据7个主成分因子得分,可将34个品种聚为2类,类群Ⅰ是群体较大、产量较高品种的代表群;类群Ⅱ是群体较小、产量较低品种的代表群。新疆春小麦主要性状存在丰富变异,产量性状选择范围广;生育期是新疆春小麦的重要性状之一,且群体大小是决定产量的重要因素;新春2号、新春17号、新春19号、新春20号和宁春33号的综合表现较好。For giving some message to develop new spring wheat variety in Xinjiang, 14 traits of 34 varieties were analyzed by principle component, and the varieties had been clustered based on principal components factors score. There were rich variation of main traits, the coefficient variation were in the order of sterile spikelet number 〉 spiking rate 〉 total stem number 〉 kernel-mass per main spike harvested spike number D yield 〉 kernel number per main spike〉spikelet number〉 1000-kernel mass 〉 spike length 〉 basic seedlings 〉 spikelet number per spike〉plant height 〉 growth duration. The yield of 61.76% varieties were more than 5 250 kg/hme , and Xinchun 20, Xinchun 23, and Xinchun 26 had higher yield. Principle component analysis indicated that the characteristic vector accumulated contribution rate of 7 principal components were 89.34%, followed by spike traits factor, grain formatting factor, plant height factor, population size factor, growth period factor, yield factor, and grain mass factor. According to 7 principal components factors score, 34 varieties could be divided into 2 categories. Group Ⅰ was representative varieties group with higher population size and yield, group Ⅱ was representative varieties group with lower population size and yield. Main characters of Xinjiang spring wheat have rich variation, and yield traits have wider range of selection option.Growth period is one of the important traits, and population size is important factor for deciding yield. Xinchun 2, Xinchun 17, Xinchun 19, Xinchun 20, and Ningchun 33 have better comprehensive performance in 14 traits.

关 键 词：新疆春小麦 主要性状 主成分分析 聚类分析 群体大小 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]