盐池县草地沙漠化过程中土壤微生物的变化  被引量:5

Changes of Soil Microbes during Sandy Desertification for Grassland in Yanchi County

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作  者:赵丽莉[1] 李侠[1] 许冬梅[1] 

机构地区:[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021

出  处:《西北农业学报》2013年第7期187-192,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基  金:973前期研究专项(2010CB434805);国家自然科学基金(31160484;30960268)

摘  要:为探讨草地沙化过程中土壤微生物的动态变化,选取盐池县潜在沙漠化草地、轻度沙漠化草地、中度沙漠化草地、重度沙漠化草地和极度沙漠化草地5种不同沙化类型草地为研究对象,通过野外样品采集及室内培养对不同沙化类型草地土壤中0~5cm和5~20cm土层的细菌、真菌、放线菌及硝化细菌、好气性固氮菌和纤维素分解菌3个微生物生理群的数量进行研究。结果表明,随沙化程度的加重,土壤微生物总量、3大菌群数量及微生物各类生理群数量总体呈下降趋势;3大菌类数量为细菌>放线菌>真菌,微生物生理群以好气性固氮菌数量最多;除极度沙漠化草地外,土壤微生物总量,细菌、放线菌数量及各微生物生理群数量均为0~5cm土层高于5~20cm土层;真菌垂直分布表现出与其他菌类不同的特征,在轻度沙漠化草地,真菌数量为0~5cm土层低于5~20cm土层,而在极度沙漠化草地则为0~5cm土层多于5~20cm土层;土壤微生物总量与土壤粘粒、有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效钾质量分数均呈极显著正相关。In order to discuss the dynamic changes of soil micro organisms during grassland desertifica- tion, a trail was conducted to reveal the distribution of soil bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes, nitrobacte- ria, oxygenic azotobacteria and cellulose-decomposing bacteria at 0--5 cm and 5--20 cm depth in po- tential desertification, light desertification, medium desertification, severe desertification and extreme desertification grassland in Yanchi. The results showed that soil microbial activities were decreased from grassland to sandy land. The number of total microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, nitrobacteria, oxygenic azotobacteria and cellulose-decomposing bacteria were declined. The order of the numbers of different microorganisms was bacteria〉 actinomycetes〉fungi; the number of aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria was the major microbial physiological groups. The numbers of bacteria, actinomycetes, total microbe and microbial physiological groups in desertification grassland were higher in the soil depth of 0--5 cm than that in the soil depth of 5--20 cm, except for extreme desertification grassland. The vertical distribution of fungi was different from other groups of microbe, the numbers of fungi in the soil depth of 0--5 cm were less than that in 5--20 cm in light desertification grassland and an opposite tendency were shown in extreme desertification grassland. There are a significantly correlation between the numbers of microbe with the mass fraction of clay, soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen and available potassium.

关 键 词:草地沙化 土壤微生物 微生物生理群 

分 类 号:S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]

 

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