施钙对干旱胁迫下花生生理特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Calcium Fertilizer Application on Peanut Physiological Characteristics and Yield under Drought Stress

作　　者：顾学花[1] 孙莲强[1] 张佳蕾[1] 刘辰[1] 高波[1] 孙奇泽[1] 王媛媛[1] 魏彤彤[1] 李向东[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《花生学报》2013年第2期1-8,共8页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA8B03);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30840056;31171496);山东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队岗位专家(花生)专项基金

摘　　要：以606为花生试材,在旱棚池栽人工控肥控水条件下研究了钙肥不同用量对花针期和结荚期干旱胁迫下花生营养生长、生理特性及产量的影响。结果表明,花针期和结荚期干旱10d均显著抑制花生营养生长,降低花生叶绿素含量和光合速率,降低产量。其中,结荚期干旱减产更严重。施钙处理的主茎高和侧枝长、叶绿素含量和净光合速率在干旱胁迫下的降低幅度明显少于不施钙处理;而施钙处理的SOD、POD、CAT活性和渗透调节物质含量的增加幅度显著高于不施钙处理,MDA积累量的增加幅度显著低于不施钙处理。施钙可缓解干旱胁迫对花生的减产作用,显著增加花生荚果和籽仁产量,其增产的主要原因是增加了单株结果数和出仁率。施钙量为300kg/hm2时,产量最高。The experiment was carried out to study the effects of different calcium applications on peanut vegetative growth,physiological characteristics and yield under drought stress in pegging stage and pod setting stage through control of the water and calcium fertilizer in pool cultivation with rainproof,using 606as experimental material.The results showed that drought stress for 10days in pegging stage and pod setting stage significantly depressed vegetative growth and decreased chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate,total pod and kernel weight.And pod setting stage decreased pod yield more.The decrement of main stem height and branch length,chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of the treatments applied with calcium fertilizer under drought stress were obviously lower than those of the treatments without calcium fertilizer.However,the increment of SOD,POD,CAT activities and osmolytes contents of the treatments applied with calcium fertilizer under drought stress were obviously higher,and MDA contents were lower,compared with those of the treatments without calcium fertilizer.Application with calcium fertilizer increased pod and kernel yield significantly because of the increase of kernel rate and pod number of per plant.It was suggested that 300kg/hm2 calcium application brought the highest yield in the peanut seed.

关 键 词：花生 钙肥 干旱 生理特性 产量 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学] S311