北方硕螽行为模式的研究  

Research on behavior patterns in Deracantha onos Pallas

作　　者：王静[1] 赵敏[1] 安建梅[1] 芦荣胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,临汾041004

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2013年第4期1101-1108,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31101614)

摘　　要：本文采取饲养观察与相机捕捉相结合的方法对北方硕螽Deracantha onos Pallas的行为模式,如若虫行为、常见行为、鸣声行为和交配行为模式进行了观察描记。并应用分析软件对数据进行了处理。结果表明:若虫不鸣叫,午间取食;其蜕皮与温度和食性有关。成虫在各种环境条件下均出现清理触角、触角摆动、行进及取食等行为;但在营养不良空间狭小情况下,还会出现同类相食。对性成熟雄性个体的鸣声分别在独雄、双雄和一雌一雄3种情况下,以24 h为周期进行观察。独雄鸣叫时间最长,一昼夜鸣叫时间为(492.84±82.52)min,双雄时鸣叫时间最短,为(239.85±40.55)min,夜间鸣叫时间相对减少。食性和温度也对鸣叫时间有影响。鸣声是螽斯种内重要的通讯方式,在交配也会起到作用。交配时雌虫爬到雄虫的背部,雄虫尾部翘,雌虫尾部下弯,两性生殖孔相接,至雌虫生殖孔外挂精包为止。The basic behavior patterns of laboratory raised Deracantha onos Pallas were recorded using digital media and analyzed with computer software. The results show that nymphs cannot call and that daily activity peaks at noon. Nymphal molt is related to temperature and diet. In various environmental conditions, adults perform moving, feeding and other behaviors but cannibalism can occur at high density and when there is insufficient food. Calling of different combinations of adults, single males, two males and male and female pairs, was recorded for 24 hours. Single males called the longest; （492. 84 ±82.52）min in circadian time. Two males called for the shortest time, （239.85 ± 40. 55）min, and the times of calling song had gone short at night. Feeding and temperature also affected calling time. Sound plays an important role in species to communication and mating patterns. When mating, females crawl onto the male＇ s back, the male＇ s tail is recurved upwards and the female＇ s tail bends down so that their respective genital openings come into contact. Mating culminates with spermatophores being deposited at the female reproductive aperture.

关 键 词：螽斯总科 北方硕螽 行为模式 鸣声 交配 

分 类 号：S433.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]