黄淮西部地貌过渡区深对流云的时空特征及其天气意义  

Spatial-temporal characteristics and synoptic significance of deep convective clouds over the physiognomy transition region of western Huanghuai.

作　　者：苏爱芳[1,2,3] 银燕[1] 吕晓娜[1,2,3] 郑永光 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,南京210044 [2]中国气象局(河南)农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室,郑州450003 [3]河南省气象台,郑州450003 [4]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象学报》2013年第3期383-396,共14页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206004;GYHY20090603)

摘　　要：中国黄淮西部地貌过渡带(30°38°N,109°-118°E,山区和平原过渡带)地形复杂,每年夏季强对流天气频繁发生。为了深入了解该地区的对流发展和分布特征,用1996 2010年5-8月静止卫星多通道资料及河南省地面观测的对流天气(雷暴、冰雹、短时强降水)资料,对该地区深对流活动的时空分布及天气意义进行了统计和对比研究。结果显示:黄淮西部地貌过渡带及其附近深对流活动的时空分布不仅与气候带关系密切,而且,明显受地形和天气系统影响。淮河流域是深对流活动高发区,豫北和豫西山区是深对流活动次高发区。豫北和豫西山区的深对流主要产生雷暴和冰雹,而淮河流域、南阳盆地等地势较低地区的深对流活动则较多地与雷暴和短时强降水有关。深对流活动随夏季风北进和副热带高压的北抬而具有显著的月际、日际变化及明显的阶段性特征。不同月份的深对流活动日变化特征显著不同,表现出两种性质的对流活动,一种为持续时间较短的热对流,一种为大尺度天气系统控制的持续性对流。豫北深对流活动日变化主要为单峰型,且具有自西北向东南方向传播的特征;豫南深对流活动日变化表现为双峰结构。Topography is complex over the physiognomy transition region （30°-38°N,109°-118°E） of western Huanghuai where severe connective weather occurs frequently.Based on the database observed by the gcostationary satellites from May to August during 1996-2010 and the weather phenomena data from the surface observatory stations in Henan Province, spatial-temporal characteristics and synoptic significance of deep connective clouds in the area are researehed.The results show that spatial-temporal characteristics of deep connective clouds in the area are closely related to the climate zone and affected obviously by the terrain and the atmospheric circulation.Deep convection happens along the Huaihe river and its south areas most frequently, and secondly over the mountain areas of northern and western Henan province.The comparative analysis shows that deep convection in the northern and western mountain areas are mainly in the form of thurderstorm and hail,which in lower-elevation areas such as the Huaihe river valley and the Nanyang Basin, are mainly in the form of short-time rainstorm.With the moving northward of the subtropical anti-cyclonic, deep convection shows the different monthly and inter-diurnal variations.Its frequency has obvious volatility in the middle-south areas from the end of May to early August.The diurnal variation of deep connective frequency in northern Henan province is of single peak type, which propagates from northwest to southeast, while it in southern Henan province is of double peak type.

关 键 词：地貌过渡带 深对流云 强对流天气 时空分布特征 

分 类 号：P425.81[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]