转CryIAb水稻在不同生长条件下的适合度  

Fitness of Transgenic Insecticidal Rice under Different Growing Condition

作　　者：苏军[1] 宋亚娜[1] 姚玉仙[1] 陈建民[1] 吴明基[1] 李刚[1] 陈子强[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所,福建省农业遗传工程重点实验室,福州350003

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2013年第4期469-476,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家转基因重大专项(2008ZX08011-001)资助

摘　　要：携带提高适合度抗性基因的转基因植物如果长期处于栽培系统之外,可能带来很大的生态问题。为了评价转CryIAb抗虫基因水稻的生态适合度,本研究以转CryIAb水稻Mfb及其非转基因对照MH86为材料,连续2年定点实验,通过常规栽培和半野生生长等不同生长方式以及虫害及杂草的自然压力下比较转CryIAb基因水稻与非转基因水稻的营养生长、繁殖能力、种子延续能力,评价转基因水稻在自然环境下的生存竞争能力。2年观测数据显示:常规栽培和模拟自然生长条件下,转CryIAb基因水稻的植株高度、分蘖数与非转基因水稻相比没有显著差异。转基因与非转基因水稻繁殖能力则与栽培方式、虫害发生程度密切相关。在常规栽培条件下,虫害发生较重的2011年,转基因稻单株总粒数、实粒数和穗重分别为1890.3、1182.6和30.1g,显著高于非转基因稻的1402.8、864.5和23.6g;在虫害发生轻的2012年,转基因稻与非转基因稻繁殖指标没有显著差异。半野生生长条件下,虫害发生重的年份,转基因稻繁殖能力指标有升高趋势,但没有达到显著差异水平。在虫害发生轻的年份,转基因稻的大部分繁殖指标与非转基因稻相当或下降,其中结实率为57.3%显著低于非转基因稻的73.2%,显示出一定的适合度成本。转基因稻与非转基因稻的种子萌发能力没有显著差异。不论何种种植方式,2年均未调查到田间自身苗发生。研究结果表明在半野生条件下转基因水稻存在适合度负效应。Fitness conferring transgenes may have their great effects when they are in a host that may persist outside of cultivation. To assess a transgenic rice in which a insect-resistant gene CryIAb may confer ecology fitness, we performed the following field experiment in which CryIAb rice and non-transgenic rice were plant in semi-wild growth and in regular cultivation and subjected to selection pressures in the form of weeds and insects in the two consecutive years. The vegetative growth and reproductive output, as well as the resistance to rice stem borers of CryIAb rice and non-transgenic rice from regular cultivation and semi-wild growth were compared in competition. There were no significant differences in vegetative growth of the CryIAb rice and non-transgenic rice in the same growing conditions and in different insect pressure. However, the reproductive output were vary widely in different insect pressure and different growing condition between the CryIAb rice and non-transgenic rice. The total grains, filled grains and the panicle weight of transgenic rice were 1 890.3, 1 182.6 and 30.1 g respectively, significantly higher than that of the non-transgenic rice 1 402.8, 864.5 and 23.6 g under high insect pressure in 2011, but nodiversity in 2012 with low insect pressure. While in semi-wild growth condition the reproductive output display increasing trend but no significant different under high insect pressure. On the contrary, the setting ratio of CryIAb rice was distinctly lower than that of non-transgenic rice under low insect pressure suggesting that the fitness cost of CryIAb gene on transgenic rice. At the same time, the seed germination, seed shattering and persisting ability of two lines of rice were also been test showing no different each other. And no volunteer plant was observed in experimental period. These findings indicate that transgenes rice can＇t persist in nature envelopment.

关 键 词：水稻 转基因 CryIAb 生存竞争 适合度 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]