中国青春期女生月经初潮较早与形态发育的关系  

Association between early onset of menarcbe and anthropometry measurements among adolescent girls in China

作　　者：阳益德[1] 马军[1] 付连国[1] 王海俊[1] 董彬[1] 宋逸[1] 尚晓瑞[1] 刘芳宏[1] 张子龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,100191

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2013年第8期712-717,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国学生体质与健康调研项目

摘　　要：目的探讨中国青春期女生月经初潮较早与身体形态发育的关系。方法资料均来自2010年全国学生体质与健康调查数据，采用概率单位回归法计算月经初潮年龄的第10百分位数（P）概率界值，将界值以前已来月经者定义为月经初潮较早（9．0～11．6岁），共筛选出初潮较早女生1072名，按城乡、年龄（精确到0．1岁）1：2频数匹配未来潮女生2144名，并选取其身高、体重、坐高、胸围、BMI和身高坐高指数进行分析。采用t检验、wileoxon秩和检验分析9．0～11．6岁各组中月经初潮较组与未来潮女生各项指标的差异，采用x。检验分析超重、肥胖率的差异；采用多水平模型分析月经初潮较早与各项形态指标及超重肥胖的关系。结果纳入1072名月经初潮较早者以及2144名未来潮者。初潮较早组女生身高、坐高、胸围、体重和BMl分别为（151．42±7．46）cm、（80．86±4．21）cm、（73．88±7．72）em、（44．32±9．35）kg和（19．18±3．03）ks／m2，未来潮组分别为（144．86±7．55）em、（76．96±4．05）cm、（67．25±6．94）Cm、（36．07±7．88）kg和（16．64±2．48）ks／m2，差异均有统计学意义（Z值分别为-22．20、-23．69、-24．38、-23．12、-20．17、-6．33，P值均〈0．01）；多水平分析结果显示，9．0—11．6岁组月经初潮较早与各项身体形态发育指标均具有相关性（P值均〈0．05），初潮较早组女生与未来潮组比较，身高、坐高、胸围、体重和BMl分别高5．28cm、3．37cm、5．53cm、6．37kg、1．79kg／m2；分年龄段分析，发现初潮较早组与未来潮组之间身高、坐高和体重的差异随年龄增加呈抛物线型变化趋势，胸围呈“U”形变化；9．0—10．8、10．9—11．0、11．1～11．2岁组初潮较早女生出现超重肥胖的风险分别是未来潮组的2．98倍（95％CI：1．92—4．63）、6．76倍（95％CI：2．79～16．39）Objective To explore the association between early menarche with anthropometry measurements among adolescent girls in China. Methods Research material was selected from the data of 2010 Chinese National Surveys on Students Constitution and Health. Probability unit regression method was used to calculate the age of 10＇h percentile（Pl0 ） at menarche and menarche age before the Pl0 was defined as early menarche（9. 0 - 11.6 years old）. A total of 1072 girls with early menarche were screened. Each girl with early menarche was frequency matched with two girls who hadn＇t achieved menarche and with the age difference less than 0. 1 yr and from the same urban or rural locations. A total of 2144 girls without menarche were screened. Participants＇ data of height, weight, sitting height, chest circumference, body mass index （BMI） and height and sitting height index were analyzed, t test and wilcoxon test were used to analyze the anthropometry measurements differences between the two groups, Chi square test was used to analyze the differences of overweight and obesity between the two groups. Multilevel model was used to explore the association between early menarche with anthropometry measurements and overweight and obesity. Results A total of 1072 girls with early menarche and 2144 girls without menarche. Early menarche girls＇ height, sitting height, chest circunfference, weight and BMI were （ 151.42 ± 7.46） cm, （ 80. 86 ± 4. 21 ） cm, （73.88 ±7. 72） cm, （44. 32 ±9. 35） kg, and （19. 18 ±3.03） kg/m2, while they were （144. 86 ±7. 55） cm, （76. 96 ±4. 05） cm, （67.25 ± 6. 94） cm, （36. 07 ±7.88） kg and （16.64 ± 2. 48） kg/m2 in girls without menarche. The differenee between two groups were significant （ Z values were - 22. 20, - 23.69, -24. 38, -23. 12, -20. 17, -6. 33 respectively with all P values 〈 0. 01 ）. Multilevel analysis resuhs showed that in 9.0 - 1 I. 6 years old girls early menarche was associated with anthropometry measurements （all P values

关 键 词：月经初潮 青春期发育 超重 肥胖 多水平分析 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]