中国7～17岁青春期女生月经初潮较早与血压水平的关系  

Association between early age at menarehe and blood pressure in Chinese girls aged 7 to 17 years

作　　者：邹志勇[1] 马军[1] 王海俊[1] 付连国[1] 董彬[1] 阳益德[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,100191

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2013年第8期726-730,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金（20120001110016）

摘　　要：目的分析中国7～17岁女生青春期月经初潮较早与血压水平的关系。方法从2010年全国学生体质与健康调研资料中，选择体测项目（身高、体重、血压等）、月经初潮史等资料记录完整的7～17岁女生作为研究对象，共76869名。采用概率单位回归法计算女生月经初潮年龄的第10百分位数（P）概率界值，月经初潮出现年龄小于其对应的界值定义为初潮时间较早，按城乡、年龄进行1：2匹配未来初潮者，初潮较早者和未来潮者分别作为初潮较早组和未来潮组，收缩压或舒张压大于其对应的同年龄第95百分位数（P）值定义为“收缩压或舒张压偏高”，收缩压和（或）舒张压大于其对应的同年龄B，值定义为“血压偏高”。采用X2检验分析已来潮和未来潮女生血压偏高检出率的差异，并用多水平模型分析初潮较早与血压水平的关系。结果76869名女生身高为（152．2±10．4）cm，BMI为（18．7±3．1）kg／m2，收缩压和舒张压值分别为（103．4±11．0）mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）和（65．0±9．1）mmHg，已来潮女生有47942名（62．4％），未来潮女生有28927名（37．6％）。女生9岁开始出现月经初潮，13岁时有81．5％（7123／8736）的女生已出现月经来潮。11岁组、12岁组、13岁组已来潮女生血压偏高的检出率分别为6．71％（100／1490）、5．99％（265／4423）、5．38％（383／7123），明显高于同龄未来潮女生的3．78％（265／7005）、3．33％（144／4328）、4．09％（66／1613），差异有统计学意义（x。值分别为25．62、32．36、4．46，P值均〈0．05）。初潮较早者年龄在9—11岁，其中11岁组血压偏高、收缩压偏高、舒张压偏高的检出率分别为6．08％（49／806）、4．84％（39／806）、3．35％（27／806），明显高于同年龄未来潮组的3．11％（50／1607）、2．30％（37／1607）、1．43％（23／1607），差异有Objective To investigate the association between early age at menarche and blood pressure in Chinese girls aged 7 to 17 years. Methods A total of 76 869 girls aged 7 to 17 years old were selected from the national physical fitness and health research in 20t0, and probit analyses were used to calculate the average age of menarcbe for each province. Girls whose age were lower than the Plo of age at menarche were judged as early age at menarche, and matched with two selected participant without menarche based on the age and the same urban or rural areas. High blood pressure was defined as whose systolic pressure and/or diastolic pressure was higher than P95 of systolic pressure or diastolic pressure at the same age group. The difference of the rate of high blood pressure in girls with and without menarche by Chi-square test, and muhilevel model was used to analyze the relationship between early age at menarche and blood pressure. Results In 76 869 grils, the values of hight and BMI were separately （152. 2 ± 10. 4） cm and （ 18.7 ±3. 1 ） kg/m2, while the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were （ 103.4 ± 11.0） mm Hg （ 1 mm Hg =0. 133 kPa）and （65.0 ＋9. 1 ）mm Hg respectively. In 47 942 girls （62.4%） had occurred menstruation while 28 927 girls （ 37.6% ） without menstruation. The girls began to report menstruation at the age of 9, and 81.5% （7123/8736） girls had already reported menstruation at the age of 13. The rate of high blood pressure in menstruation group from 11 to 13 years were separately 6. 71% （100/1490） , 5. 99% （265/4423） and 5.38% （ 383/7123 ）, which was significant higher than 3.78% （ 265/7005 ）, 3.33% （144/4328） and 4. 09% （66/1613） in the same age group of non-menstruation（the values of Chi-square were separately 25.62,32.36,4. 46 ,and all P values 〈0. 05）. The mean age of early age at menarehe was 9 to 11 years old, and the rate of high blood pressure, high systolic pressure, and high diastolic pressure at 11 years group was separat

关 键 词：青春期 月经初潮 血压 模型 统计学 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]