秸秆集中掩埋还田对麦田土壤氮磷淋失的影响  

Effects of the Straw Concentrated Buried Return on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching in Wheat Fields

作　　者：陶宝瑞[1] 邵丽萍[1] 扶明英[1] 张颖[1] 周晓双[1] 朱利群[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第4期945-951,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B12)资助

摘　　要：为明确秸秆集中掩埋还田对麦田养分淋失的影响,以期为秸秆掩埋还田提供理论依据,开展了桶栽模拟试验,试验设置了H1:麦秸20 cm埋深(5 kg m-2埋量)、H2(L1):35 cm埋深(5 kg m-2埋量)、H3:50 cm埋深(5kg m-2埋量)、L2:10 kg m-2埋量(35 cm埋深)、L3:15 kg m-2埋量(35cm埋深)及CK:麦秸不还田等6个处理,研究了秸秆不同埋深和埋量下麦田氮磷养分的淋失情况。结果表明:相同埋量条件下,秸秆不同埋深处理对麦田渗漏总量基本没有影响;相同埋深条件下,秸秆埋量为10 kg m-2和15 kg m-2时会显著增加麦季渗漏量,但埋量为5 kg m-2时则无显著影响;整个小麦生育期内,秸秆相同埋量条件下,H1对麦田氮素的拦截效果明显优于H2、H3和CK,对磷素的拦截效果则以H1为最高;相同埋深条件下,L2处理下对麦田氮素的拦截效果明显优于L1、L3和CK,L3处理下对磷素拦截效果最差。The current paper carried out barrel planted test to investigate the effects of straw concentrated buried return on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in wheat fields, and to provide a theoretical principle for straw concentrated buried return. It set up six treatments, including H1： 20 cm depth （5 kg m^-2 amount）, H2 （L1）： 35 cm depth （5 kg m^-2 amount）, H3：50 cm depth （5 kg m^-2 amount）, L2：10 kg m^-2 amount （35 cm depth）, L3：15 kg m^-2 amount （35 cm depth） and CK： no straw return. We explored the nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in wheat fields with different buried amounts and depths of the straw. The results showed that treatments of the same buried amount at different buried depths had no significantly effects on the total leaching of wheat fields; at the same buried depth, the buried amounts of 10 kg m^-2 and 15 kg m^-2 treatments could significantly increase the amount of leaching of wheat fields, but the buried amounts of 5 kg m^-2 had no significantly effects. During the whole wheat growing season under the same buried amount of straw, H1 was the best treatment on intercepting nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in wheat fields, with the same buried depth of straw, L2 was the best treatment on intercepting nitrogen leaching, L3 was the worst treatment on intereeoting ohosDhorus leaching.

关 键 词：秸秆 掩埋还田 氮素淋失 磷素淋失 小麦 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]