中国18～59岁人群乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析及乙型肝炎疫苗免疫策略探讨  

Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of Hepatitis B among the Population of 18-59 Yearold and HepB Immunization Strategies

作　　者：张国民[1] 孙校金[1] 王富珍[1] 郑徽[1] 龚晓红[1] 缪宁[1] 贾元熙[1] 吴振华[1] 崔富强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2013年第3期266-270,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国家科学技术"艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治"重大专项"乙型肝炎病毒免疫预防新策略的研究"课题(编号2012ZX10002001)

摘　　要：目的分析中国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)18～59岁人群乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行病学特征和接种乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)的现状,以及感染乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)的风险,探讨HepB的免疫策略。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析2007～2012年中国疾病监测信息管理系统报告的乙肝病例的年龄别发病情况,以及1979年、1992年和2006年全国乙肝血清流行病学调查数据库。结果中国18～59岁人群急性乙肝报告发病率居高不下,易感人群的HepB接种率较低,感染风险较高。结论中国在成功实施新生儿HepB接种和儿童HepB查漏补种后,应适时开展18～59岁重点人群的HepB接种,进一步降低HBV感染率。Objective To analyze the hepatitis B epidemiological characteristics and hepatitis B vaccine （ HepB ） vaccination status among the population aged 18-59 years in China （ excluding Hongkong Special Administrative Regions,Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan Sheng ） and to suggest the hepatitis B vaccine immunization strategy for this group population.Method Descriptive epidemiological study was used by analyzing the age-specific incidence of acute hepatitis B reported by Chinese national disease surveillance reporting system,in addition to analyzing the results of three seroepidemiological survey of hepatitis B conducted nationwide in 1979,1992 and in 2006.Results The incidence of acute hepatitis B among people aged 18-59 years remains high while the HepB vaccination rate is quite low among people susceptible to hepatitis B virus （ HBV ）,which reveals the high risk of being infected with HBV.Conclusion After successfully integrated HepB into infants and to conduct the catch up vaccination in the children,China should gradually conduct HepB vaccination among people aged from eighteen to fifty-nine years,so as to decrease the prevalence of HBV.

关 键 词：18~59岁人群 乙型病毒性肝炎 流行病学特征 乙型肝炎疫苗 免疫策略 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R18[医药卫生—临床医学]