生物活性炭厌氧氨氧化反应器启动过程研究  

Study on the Start-Up of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process in Biological Activated Carbon Reactor

作　　者：赖玮毅[1,2] 周伟丽[1] 何圣兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第8期3171-3179,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07106-2-2)

摘　　要：采用生物活性炭反应器进行厌氧氨氧化启动实验,以考察生物活性炭对该启动过程的加速作用.在3个相同的UASB反应器中接种由厌氧颗粒污泥和厌氧絮状污泥组成的混合污泥,以含NH4+-N和NO2--N的人工配水为进水,连续运行,并分别在反应器运行的第0、33、56 d添加颗粒状活性炭载体.结果表明,第0 d添加载体的反应器在运行90 d后脱氮性能无显著提高,暂停运行1个月后,经过33 d(累计123 d)二次启动成功.而第33 d、56 d添加载体的反应器分别历经49 d、85 d成功启动,实现了厌氧氨氧化反应器的快速启动.3个反应器启动后总氮的平均去除率分别为89.8%、86.7%、86.7%.反应器启动运行过程可分为菌体自溶期、停滞期、活性提高期和稳定脱氮期,最适宜加入GAC载体的时间为停滞期开始之后.In order to shorten the start-up time of anaerobic ammonium oxidation（ANAMMOX） reactor,biological activated carbon reactor was applied.Three lab scale UASB reactors were seeded with anaerobic sludge,fed with synthetic wastewater containing ammonia and nitrite,and supplemented with granular activated carbon on day 0,33 and 56,respectively.The nitrogen removal performance of the first reactor,into which GAC was added on day 0,showed no significant improvement in 90 days.After being suspended for about one month,the secondary start-up of this reactor succeeded in another 33 days（totally 123 days）.49 d and 85 d were taken for the other two reactors started up by the addition of GAC on day 33 and 56,respectively.After the reactors were started up,the average removal rates of total nitrogen were 89.8%,86.7% and 86.7%,respectively.The start-up process could be divided into four stages,namely,the bacterial autolysis phase,the lag phase,the improve phase and the stationary phase,and the best time for adding GAC carrier was right after the start of the lag phase.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 生物活性炭 载体 启动特性 脱氮 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]