东北三省畜禽养殖类固醇激素排放及其潜在污染风险  

Excretion of Manure-Borne Steroid Hormones and Their Potential Risk in the Three Northeast Provinces of China

作　　者：刘姝芳[1,2] 李艳霞[1] 张雪莲[1] 冯成洪[1] 鲁肖飞[1] 杨明[1] 李帷[3] 朱铁群[4] 黄泽春[5] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450003 [3]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [4]华北水利水电学院环境与市政工程学院,郑州450011 [5]中国环境科学研究院固体废物污染控制技术研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第8期3180-3187,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21277013,20977010);环境保护公益性行业科研专项(200909042);北京师范大学自主科研基金项目(2009SD-19)

摘　　要：以东北三省畜禽养殖数量统计数据和养殖结构分析为基础,对黑龙江、吉林和辽宁省畜禽养殖类固醇激素排放量进行了估算,并初步探讨了畜禽粪便中类固醇激素对当地水体的潜在污染风险.结果表明,由于养殖数量的增加,东北三省畜禽粪便所排放的类固醇激素量均持续增大.在1998～2008年的10 a间,辽宁、吉林和黑龙江三省的类固醇激素排放量分别增长了2 272.7、1 951.1和1 634.8 kg,并且省会城市沈阳、长春和哈尔滨的增长最为明显.东北三省各城市中畜禽粪便类固醇雌激素排放量最大的是长春,达到874.7 kg;哈尔滨和沈阳的排放量在各自省份中也是最大,分别为652.7 kg和603.1 kg·辽宁省的畜禽类固醇激素排放总量在东北三省为最多,所排放类固醇雌激素的雌二醇等当量浓度EEQs预测值也最高,达到17.1ng·L-1.如果以英国环保署(Environment Agency,United Kingdom)建议的最低可观测效应浓度10 ng·L-1为参考依据,辽宁省在目前的畜禽养殖规模和结构下,所排放的粪便类固醇雌激素极有可能会对地表水体中的水生生物产生内分泌干扰效应.The excretion of manure-borne steroid hormones,including estrogens and androgens in Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang province was estimated in this study on the basis of statistical data and by using the referenced estimation method in developed countries.In addition,the potential ecological risk of manure-borne steroid estrogens to local surface water systems from applying animal manure was preliminarily assessed.As a result of the rapid development of animal production,the excretions of manure-borne steroid hormones increased in all the three northeast provinces.In 2008,the emissions of total manure-borne estrogens and androgens increased by 2 272.7,1 951.1 and 1 634.8 kg compared to those in 1998 in Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces,respectively.Especially,the growth rates in the three capital cities of Shenyang,Changchun and Harbin were the fastest among their own provinces.The largest emissions of manure-borne steroid hormones,as well as the highest concentration of predicted estradiol equivalency（EEQs） in the surface water system were found in Liaoning province.According to the lowest observable effect concentration for 17β-estradiol（10 ng·L-1） recommended by the Environmental Agency of United Kingdom,17.1 ng·L-1 of EEQs level in Liaoning province might have become a potential risk to local surface water systems.

关 键 词：类固醇激素 畜禽养殖 生态污染 风险预估 东北三省 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4