城市污水处理厂出水中的药品和个人护理品  

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products(PPCPs) in the Effluent of Sewage Treatment Plants

作　　者：郑少奎[1] 李晓锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,水沙科学教育部重点实验室/水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第8期3316-3326,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21077011);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NECT-11-0044)

摘　　要：药品和个人护理品(PPCPs)是近年来受到环境界普遍关注、具有潜在生态风险的新型有机微污染物.城市污水处理厂(STPs)出水排放是PPCPs向环境迁移最重要的途径,而控制PPCPs随STPs出水排放则是控制PPCPs环境影响的关键.本文分类综述了抗生素、消炎止痛药物、精神类药物、β受体拮抗剂、环境雌激素、调血脂药物、合成麝香、其它类等PPCPs的药理与功能、分类、应用现状和生态毒性,重点总结了1998～2012年间全球STPs出水中频繁检出的典型PPCPs及其最高浓度,为开展STPs排放控制研究提供依据.最后,展望了本领域的未来研究方向与发展趋势.In recent years,there is an increasing concern about pharmaceuticals and personal care products（PPCPs）,newly identified as micro-pollutants,due to their potential ecological risks.Sewage treatment plant（STP） is well demonstrated as the most significant way for PPCPs to enter into the environment.Therefore,PPCPs＇ discharge control from STPs＇ effluents is the key to reduce their ecological risks.Based on the therapeutic classes of PPCPs,this paper individually reviews the pharmacology,function,application and ecotoxicology of antibiotics,anti-inflammatory drugs,psychiatric drugs,β-blockers,environmental estrogen,lipid regulators,musk fragrances and other PPCPs.A great attention is paid to typical PPCPs frequently detected in STPs＇ effluents worldwide and their maximum concentrations were reported during 1998-2012,which provides important information for PPCPs＇ discharge control in STPs.Finally,the potential research fields on this topic are proposed.

关 键 词：药品和个人护理品 城市污水 排放浓度 生态毒性 排放控制 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]