DEM空间分辨率对毒气扩散模型模拟结果的影响分析  

Influence of DEM Spatial Resolution on the Simulation Results of Gas Diffusion Model

作　　者：何浩鹏[1] 孙海燕[2] 王晓醉[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地震研究所,武汉430071 [2]武汉大学测绘学院,武汉430079 [3]武汉大学科学技术发展研究院,武汉430072

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2013年第4期527-531,共5页Journal of Geo-information Science

摘　　要：突发性毒气泄漏事故的频繁发生对市民的安全造成了极大威胁,有必要对常见毒气泄漏事故发生后的成灾模型进行探讨,以便从理论上指导应急部门实施应急救援行动。本文在研究和分析典型毒气泄漏扩散模型的基础之上,引入地形因子对原有毒气泄漏扩散模型进行改进,使之适应三维地形下的危化品气体扩散模拟,并将模型与GIS集成可视化,分析比较了模型修正前后气体扩散浓度的分布情况。在此基础上,进一步分析了DEM空间分辨率对毒气扩散浓度的分布影响,发现DEM空间分辨率对毒气浓度分布区域有一定影响,并分析了其影响原因。结果表明,加入地形因子的高斯烟羽模型比之前没有考虑地形因子的高斯模型计算要更加精确,更贴近现实状况;同时,DEM分辨率对改进后的高斯烟羽模型的模拟影响较大,选择适当分辨率的DEM能帮助应急部门在短时间内模拟出真实可靠的浓度分布区域,对毒气泄漏事故的应急有一定的实际参考价值和指导意义。Sudden gas leakage accidents which happened frequently threaten the security of the public heavily and brought great panic to the society.In order to provide great guidance for emergency departments to implement emergency rescue operations theoretically,it is necessary to discuss the model which is used to analyze the pollution of common gas leakage accident.Firstly,to adapt to simulating gas diffusion of the 3D terrain,based on the research and analysis of the typical gas leakage diffusion model,the terrain factors are introduced to refine the model in this thesis.Then the model is integrated with GIS,which has an advanced space displaying and spatial analysis ability,for analysis and comparison of gas concentration distribution acquired from the previous model and the improved one respectively.And on that basis,we made a further research on gas concentration distribution situation under the conditions of different DEM spatial resolutions,found that the improvement of DEM spatial resolution has some impact on the gas concentration distribution in 3D terrain conditions,and we analyzed the reasons of its effects.The results of the study reveal that the improved model is more accurate and closer to the real urban 3D terrain conditions.At the same time,the improvement of DEM resolution has a big impact on the simulation of the improved model.So,choosing an appropriate DEM resolution in the right time can help emergency services simulate th gas concentration distribution area more reasonable,reliable and timely,which has a certain practical reference value and guiding significance on gas leakage accident emergency.

关 键 词：气体泄漏扩散模型 地形因子 DEM分辨率 GIS 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] X928.5[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]