近10a湖北省强降水时空分布特征与主要天气概念模型  

Spatial and temporal characteristics of severe precipitation in Hubei Province during the past 10 years and main weather conceptual model

作　　者：吴翠红[1] 王晓玲[1] 龙利民[1] 牛奔[1] 王珊珊[1] 李银娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉中心气象台,武汉430074

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2013年第2期113-119,共7页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200906003)

摘　　要：利用湖北省78个气象站逐小时雨量和地面风场资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及新一代天气雷达资料和卫星云图资料,对湖北省1999—2009年208例强降水过程的时空分布、雨团源地和路径、雨强特征、主要影响天气系统进行了普查分析。结果表明:湖北省强降水源地主要位于鄂西山区和江汉平原南部,在不同引导气流的作用下,强降水雨团主要有6条活动路径;强降水频发区主要位于孝感、黄冈北部和宜昌等地,孝感是全省强降水频发中心;影响强降水的天气系统主要有干线(又称露点锋,下同)、湿舌、暖切顶部辐合区、冷切尾部辐合区、气流汇合区、涌线、地面辐合线;根据干线的不同作用和影响方式,将湖北省180个干线类强降水分成干侵入型、干混合型、干锋生型和暖干型四种类型。基于对动力、水汽、不稳定三个条件以及强降水落区等显著特征的总结分析,归纳出四种干线类强降水的天气概念模型。Using hourly rainfall and wind field data of 78 meteorological stations in Hubei,reanalysis data from NCEP,Doppler-Radar data and satellite images,this paper investigated and analyzed spatial and temporal distribution,formation region and track of rain clusters,rainfall intensity and main circulation systems of 208 severe precipitation cases in Hubei from 1999 to 2009.The results indicate that formation region of severe precipitation in Hubei is mainly located in the western mountain area of Hubei and southern part of Jianghan Plain,and rain clusters moved with 6 tracks by effect of different steering flow.Meanwhile,severe precipitation high frequency areas are mainly located in Xiaogan,northern Huanggang and Yichang,and the high frequency center of severe precipitation in Hubei is in Xiaogan.Main synoptic systems caused severe precipitation include dry-line（named as dew-point front,the same as below）,moist tongue,convergence area of warm-shear top,convergence area of cold-shear rear,airflow convergence zone,surge line and surface convergence line.According to the different role and influence of the dry-line,180 severe precipitation cases with dry-line in Hubei have been classified into dry-intrusion type,dry-blending type,dry-frontogenesis type and warm and dry air type.By summary analysis of characteristics of dynamic,water vapor and instability conditions as well as severe precipitation distribution,the four types of weather conceptual model of dry-line severe precipitations are concluded.

关 键 词：强降水 干线 概念模型 湖北省 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]