醇胺乳化剂的合成及其在乳化炸药中的应用  

Synthesis of Alkylol Amine Emulsifiers and Their Application in Emulsion Explosive

作　　者：张凯铭[1] 倪欧琪[1,2] 俞珍权 唐淑娟 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]国家民用爆破器材质量监督检验中心,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《爆破器材》2013年第4期6-9,共4页Explosive Materials

摘　　要：采用聚异丁烯丁二酸酐分别与三乙醇胺和乙醇胺反应合成了两种醇胺乳化剂。用乳化剂制备了乳化基质,并测试了乳化基质的微观结构、黏度和储存稳定性。通过测定乳化剂在乳化炸药中的相容性及含醇胺乳化剂乳化炸药的爆轰性能,对它们在乳化炸药中的应用进行了研究。相比于失水山梨醇单油酸酯和聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺类乳化剂,两种醇胺乳化剂均体现出较强的乳化能力,制备的乳化炸药具有更长的储存期。在两种醇胺乳化剂中,聚异丁烯丁二酸酐—三乙醇胺乳化剂显示了更强的乳化性能。Two alkylol amine emulsifiers were synthesized through the reaction of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with triethanolamine and ethanolamine, respectively. They were then used for the preparation of emulsion bases and tested in terms of microstructure, viscosity and storage stability. Their compatibility with emulsion explosive and the detonation ve- locity of modified emulsion explosive were inspected for their practical applications. The results show that both of alkylol a- mine emulsifiers have good emulsifying capacity and the emulsion explosives made from them have longer storage period in comparison with T152 and Span80. For this two emulsifiers, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-triethanolamine emulsifier had better emulsifying ability.

关 键 词：乳化剂 聚异丁烯丁二酸酐 三乙醇胺 乳化炸药 

分 类 号：TD235.21[矿业工程—矿井建设] TQ560.72[化学工程—炸药化工]