石化污水处理场挥发性污染物分布特征研究  

Distribution Characteristics of Volatile Pollutants on Wastewater Treatment Plant of Petrochemical Refinery

作　　者：张晗[1] 陈少华[1] 张娴[1] 崔星[1] 徐亚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第7期23-28,80,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-453);福建省区域科技重大项目(2009H4006)

摘　　要：采用大气预浓缩系统-气相色谱-质谱联用方法对石化企业污水处理场排放的挥发性污染物分布特征进行了定性、定量和半定量分析。结果表明,在污水处理场4个监测位点均检出多种挥发性有机污染物,以芳烃和直链烃类化合物为主,其中苯系物浓度和检出率最高,甲苯和二甲苯占污染区采样点检出成分总量的10%以上。4个监测点中污水总进口上方大气污染最为严重。对大气预浓缩系统-气相色谱-质谱联用方法分析挥发性硫化物进行了方法验证,结果表明,该系统对硫化氢、甲硫醇和乙硫醇3种化合物存在一定的吸附作用,标准曲线斜率与起始浓度显著相关,采用该系统对低浓度、高活性的硫化物进行分析和绝对定量时应谨慎对待。污泥贮存池是硫化物恶臭类物质控制的重点区域。Distribution characteristics of volatile pollutants on wastewater treatment plant of petrochemical refinery were studied using preconcentration-GC/MS method.Results showed that a variety of volatile organic compounds（VOCs）were detected in all sampling sites,mainly aromatics and straight chain hydrocarbons.Among all VOCs species,BETX had the highest concentration,toluene and xylene accounted for more than 10% of total amount of composition detected.When preconcentration-GC/MS method was used for analysis of volatile sulfide compounds,highly reactive compounds like hydrogen sulfide,methyl mercaptan and ethanethiol showed adsorptive loss by the instrument,and standard curve slope was significantly associated with initial concentration of the three compounds.Sludge storage pool is the key area in controlling the malodorous in petrochemical refinery.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物 挥发性硫化物 预浓缩系统 石化污水 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]