臭氧胁迫下遮荫对孕穗期冬小麦叶片光合系统的影响  

Combined Effects of Elevated O_3 and Shading on Leaf Photosynthetic System of Field-Grown Winter Wheat

作　　者：郑有飞[1,2,3] 胡会芳[2] 吴荣军[2] 徐卫民[3] 孙健[2] 李建[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,南京210044 [3]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京210044

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2013年第4期410-418,共9页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41075114);江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(09KJA170004);南京信息工程大学科研基金项目(90215)

摘　　要：在大田试验条件下,基于开顶式气室和遮荫网装置,设置CK(自然臭氧和太阳辐射)、T1(100nL·L-1臭氧+40%CK太阳辐射)、T2(100nL·L-1臭氧+60%CK太阳辐射)、T3(100nL·L-1臭氧+80%CK太阳辐射)、T4(100nL·L-1臭氧+100%CK太阳辐射)5个处理组,对孕穗期冬小麦叶片气体交换参数、叶绿素(chl)、抗氧化系统酶活性等进行测定。结果表明,(1)臭氧胁迫造成冬小麦叶片光合速率下降、胞间CO2浓度增加,叶绿素(chl)、类胡萝卜素(Car)含量减少;臭氧+遮荫处理后,叶片净光合速率加速下降,但可缓解叶绿素含量、Car含量的下降。说明两种情况下叶片光合速率的下降都是由非气孔因素引起的。(2)臭氧胁迫使叶片中的可溶性糖显著升高、可溶性蛋白明显降低、总游离氨基酸明显升高;臭氧+遮荫处理后,叶片中的可溶性糖不再增加,并随着遮荫程度的加重而下降,可溶性蛋白含量继续下降而总游离氨基酸含量继续增加。说明植株代谢从臭氧胁迫下的碳代谢为主转为臭氧+遮荫下的氮代谢为主。(3)臭氧胁迫使叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均升高;臭氧+遮荫处理后,叶片中MDA明显下降,CAT、POD、SOD含量均明显升高,说明高浓度臭氧环境下,叶片通过增强抗氧化酶活性以提高活性氧自由基(ROS)的清除能力,但由于不能完全清除,造成膜质过氧化程度加剧从而加速植株衰老,太阳辐射减弱会在一定程度上减缓臭氧对植株的伤害。To assess the gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll, accumulation of assimilation products and anti-oxidation system of winter wheat （Triticum aestivuml Yangmail3 ） under elevated 03 and reduced solar irradiance, five field experiments were conducted inside open-top-chambers （OTC）. Five treatments （ CK, T1 , T2, T3 and T4 ） were designed as follows ： CK consisted of nature 03 concentration and nature solar irradiance, T1 of 100nL. L-1 03 concentration and 40% of nature solar irradiance, T2 of 100nL. L - 103 concentration and 60% of nature solar irradiance, T3 of 100nL- L - 1 03 concentration and 80% of nature solar irradianee,T4 of 100nL. L-~ and no shading. The results showed that 03 stress caused intercellular CO2 concentration increasing, leaf photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll （chl） and carotenoid （Car） decreasing; 03 and shading composite treatment accelerated the net photosynthetic rate declining,while it could relieve chlorophyll （chl） and carotenoid （Car） falling. The photosynthetic rate descending were caused by non-stomatal factors under the two kinds of circumstances. 03 stress significantly increased leaf soluble sugar and total free amino acids, the soluble protein was significantly reduced;Under 03 and shading composite treatment,leaf soluble sugar no longer increased, and soluble sugar and soluble protein content declined, while the total free amino acid content continues to increase as the shading intensified. Carbon metabolism was planted major supersession under 03 stress, adding the weakened radiation to ozone stress changed the metabolism of plants, the main metabolism converted Carbon into nitrogen metabolism. 03 stress increased leaves malondialdehyde content （ MDA ）, catalase （ CAT）, peroxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity; Under 03 and shading composite treatments, leaves MDA species,which resulted in the increase of membrane permeability under 03 stress, reduced solar irradiance relieved the damage of ozone on plants in a certain ex

关 键 词：遮荫 臭氧 净光合速率 胞间CO2浓度 可溶性蛋白含量 叶绿素含量 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]