宁夏霜冻致灾因子指标特征及危险性分析  

Analysis on Frost Index and Hazard Risk in Ningxia

作　　者：李红英[1,2] 张晓煜[1,2] 曹宁[1,2] 张磊[1,2] 张玉兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,银川750002 [2]宁夏气象科研所,银川750002

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2013年第4期474-479,共6页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201230);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206023);宁夏科研院所专项"气候变暖背景下宁夏霜冻变化特征及其对特色农业影响"(2011)

摘　　要：利用宁夏23个气象站1981-2010年日最低气温观测资料,借助数理统计和空间分析方法,从气候致灾的角度,对宁夏霜冻发生范围、频率、强度及致灾因子危险性特征进行分析。结果表明,近30a来宁夏霜冻发生范围呈缩小趋势,且轻霜冻发生范围明显大于中霜冻和重霜冻;轻霜冻发生频率普遍较大,各地差异不明显,中霜冻和重霜冻发生频率小且空间差异明显;霜冻发生强度区域性明显,其中,轻霜冻和中霜冻强度指数呈中北部偏小、南部和北部偏大的趋势,重霜冻强度指数普遍偏小;宁夏霜冻致灾因子危险性南部普遍高于中北部,其中,隆德、兴仁等地是霜冻致灾因子危险性较高的区域,中北部大部地区处于低或次低危险区。研究结果作为霜冻风险研究的基础,可为区域防灾减灾提供重要依据。Based on daily minimum temperature data of 23 meteorological observation stations during 1981 to 2010 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the characteristics of frost scope, frequency, intensity and hazard risk was analyzed by using mathematical statistics and spatial analysis methods. The results showed that the frost scope became narrow in last 30 years, and slight frost scope was significantly larger than that of moderate and severe frost, the slight frost frequency increased generally, and had no obvious differences in different areas, the frequency of moderate and severe frost decreased and space differences were significant. Frost strength was obviously regional, in which strength indices of slight frost and moderate frost were smaller in the north-central, larger in the south and north, and strength indices of the severe frost were generally small. Frost hazard risk was generally higher in hazard risk was the highest in Longde and Xingren region, and it was the lowest the south than in the north, the frost in the north and central region. The results could provide an important basis for regional disaster prevention and mitigation

关 键 词：宁夏 霜冻 强度 频率 致灾因子危险性 

分 类 号：S425[农业科学—植物保护]