沙棘雌花幼果的形态发育及数量特征观察  

Observation for Morphological Characteristics and Quantity of Seabuckthorn Female Flowers and Young Fruit

作　　者：金争平[1] 张吉科[2] 温秀凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部沙棘开发管理中心,北京100038 [2]山西大学生命科学学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《国际沙棘研究与开发》2013年第2期13-17,共5页

摘　　要：沙棘雌花属单性花和不完全花,花序在结果枝上成螺旋状排列,属无限花序、总状花序。沙棘的花芽可分为3种:纯花芽、混合芽和营养芽。沙棘花序的花朵数量有较大差别,品种间也存在着较大差异,中雌沙棘中下段最多,杂雌优10号、54号中下段较少。沙棘每朵雌花的子房为单室,子房上位,1心皮,1室,1胚珠,当传粉受精后,子房发育形成肉质的果实,子房壁形成果皮,胚珠发育成种子,果皮坚硬,内含1粒种子,珠被发育为种皮,所以沙棘的果实是真果而不是假果。seabuckthorn female flower is the unisexual flower or incomplete flower, Indefinite inflores- cence or raceme. Flower bud of seabuckthorn can be divided into three types： pure flower bud, mixed bud and nutrition bud. The number of seabuckthorn flower inflorescence have bigger difference, also among varieties. Most flowers beard on the middle and lower section, instead selected NO.10 and NO 54 are less on the middle segment. Seabuckthorn each ovary in female flower is the single room, supe- rior ovary, one carpel, one room, one ovule. After fertilization, the ovary develops to fleshy fruit, ovary wall forms to fruit skin, ovule develops into seed with hard shell, only one seed, integument de- velop to seed skin, so the seabuckthorn fruits is a true fruit instead of false fruit.

关 键 词：沙棘 雌花 总状花序 花芽 真果 

分 类 号：S793.671.8[农业科学—林木遗传育种]