高速工具约束磨料表面光整工艺  

Surface finishing technology with high-speed tool restrained abrasives

作　　者：庄曙东[1,2] 安鲁陵[1] 王婷婷[1] 郭光辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京210016 [2]河海大学机电工程学院,常州213022

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期782-787,共6页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50805078)

摘　　要：基于高速加工和流体动压理论,提出了利用高速多轴机床和高速工具约束磨料对零件表面进行可控精密光整加工的方法.首先,利用流体动压理论建立了工具与工件构成的楔形区流体速度场与压力场的数学模型,从理论上探讨该工艺方法实现的可能性.然后,通过实验验证了该工艺方法的有效性.在此基础上,研究了工具转速、走刀速度、工具与工件间隙、磨粒型号等因素对光整加工效率与效果的影响.最后,通过正交试验法得到光整效率与效果较好的工艺:粗光整时,间隙量为0.15 mm,混合液选用1份80#研磨抛光膏与10份40#润滑油配比;精光整时,间隙量为0.05 mm,选混合液用1份800#研磨抛光膏与5份40#润滑油配比;镜面光整时,间隙量为0.02 mm,混合液选用微粉磨料W5与煤油、石油磺酸钡配比;工具转速均采用机床最高转速,走刀速度均选择1 000 mm/min.研究表明,高速工具约束磨料光整加工方法可行且有效.Based on high-speed machining and hydrodynamic lubrication theories,a controllable finish machining method on the surface of w orkpiece by using the high-speed multi-axis machine tools and high-speed tool restrained abrasives is proposed.First,the mathematical model of the fluid velocity field and pressure field on the w edge zone betw een the high-speed tool and the w orkpiece is established by hydrodynamic theory.It is proved theoretically that the process can be put into practice.Then the validity of the theoretical research is proved w ith experiments.Furthermore,the effects of the factors such us the tool rotational speed,feed rate,gap betw een tool and w orkpiece,abrasive specifications,etc.on the efficiency and the effectiveness of the finishing process are studied.Finally,better process data on various finishing processes are obtained w ith orthogonal experiments.The data of rough finishing are 0.15 mm in spacing and one portion of 80^# polishing paste w ith ten portion of 40^#lubricating oil are used for mixture.The data of fine finishing are 0.05 mm in spacing and one portion of 800^# polishing paste w ith five portion of 40^# lubricating oil are used for mixture.The data of glossy finishing are 0.02 mm in spacing and W5 fine pow der abrasive w ith kerosene,petroleum barium sulfonate for mixture.The maximum speed of the machine is used as tool rotational speed and the feed rate is 1 000 mm/min.It is show n that the finishing process w ith highspeed the tool constrained abrasives is effective.

关 键 词：高速工具 速度场 压力场 约束磨料 光整工艺 

分 类 号：TH134[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]