高分辨透射X射线三维成像在材料科学中的应用  

APPLICATION OF HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY IN MATERIAL SCIENCE

作　　者：王绍钢[1] 王苏程[1] 张磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家(联合)实验室,沈阳110016

出　　处：《金属学报》2013年第8期897-910,共14页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

摘　　要：随着X射线光源、光学器件及图像分析技术的不断发展,微米甚至数十纳米空间分辨X射线三维数字化成像成为可能.在此基础上,提供了高分辨无损探测材料内部结构的技术和方法,预计高分辨X射线三维成像新技术将会进一步促进材料科学技术的发展.本文将简述X射线三维成像的产生背景和发展过程,介绍吸收衬度成像、相位衬度成像和全息成像的原理与特点,着重分析高分辨透射X射线三维成像在材料孔洞、裂纹与腐蚀、复合材料以及原位测试等方向的应用及其特点,比较同步辐射与实验室X射线高分辨透射三维成像技术的不同,以探讨高分辨透射X射线三维成像在材料科学研究中进一步应用的可能性.The continuing development of X-ray light sources, optical devices and image analy- sis technologies enables us to nondestructively analyze internal structures of materials by using 3D imaging with a spatiM resolution of micron, even dozens of nanometers. Innovations in materials sci- ence and technology will benefit from the new achievements of the X-ray tomography with higher resolution. This article devotes to review the origination and development of the X-ray tomography techniques for 3D imaging and introduce the principles and specifications of three imaging methods, including absorption imaging, phase contrast imaging and holographic imaging. The differences be- tween synchrotron-based and laboratory-based X-ray tomography are also discussed. To explore new opportunities of the high resolution X-ray tomography in the development of material science and technology, particular emphasis is laid on the applications for traditional materials with a 3D view, such as the characterizations of holes, cracks, corrosion, composites, and in situ testing etc..

关 键 词：X射线 三维成像 材料科学 金属 复合材料 原位 

分 类 号：TF777.1[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]