铁道车辆空气弹簧动态特性仿真分析  

Simulation and Analysis of Dynamic Characteristic of Air Spring in Railway Vehicles

作　　者：刘亚平[1] 米彩盈[1] 徐传来[1] 卢杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机车电传动》2013年第4期25-28,共4页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAG12A02)

摘　　要：基于热力学和流体力学理论相关数学-物理方程分别建立了空气弹簧本体-固定节流孔-附加气室模型和空气弹簧本体-连接管道-附加气室模型,采用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件,分析了连接管道长度、节流孔直径及附加气室容积对空气弹簧动态特性的影响。仿真结果表明:当采用较长管路连接时应考虑管道内空气质量的惯性对空气弹簧动态特性的影响,短管可等效为固定节流孔连接;空气弹簧垂向动态刚度在低频和高频激励下分别趋于常值;固定节流孔存在低频开口过大,高频开口过小的缺陷;固定节流孔直径与附加气室容积对空气弹簧系统的阻尼特性有较大影响。Based on the mathematical and physical equations of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics theories,the bellow-fixed orificeauxiliary tank model and the bellow-pipe-auxiliary tank model of air spring were established respectively.With Matlab/Simulink,the influences of the pipe length,the orifice diameter and the auxiliary tank volume on the dynamic characteristics of air springs were analyzed.The simulation results showed that： when the pipe was long,the inertia of the air mass in the pipe must be taken into account,but the short pipe could be equivalent to the fixed throttle;dynamic vertical stiffness of air springs tended to constant level in the low and high frequency respectively;there was a defect of the fixed throttle for that open too large in low frequency and too small in high frequency;Both the fixed throttle diameter and the auxiliary tank volume had great influences on the damping characteristic of air springs.

关 键 词：铁道车辆 空气弹簧 热力学 动态特性 参数影响 

分 类 号：U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程] U463.334.2[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]