不同施肥处理对桑树光合特性及产叶量的影响  

Influence of Different Fertilization Schemes on Photosynthesis and Leaf Yield of Mulberry

作　　者：于翠[1] 叶楚华[1] 邓文[1] 李勇[1] 熊超[1] 彭波[1] 胡兴明[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2013年第4期650-655,共6页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项(No.CARS-22)

摘　　要：连续4年对试验桑园分别按3 000 kg/hm2施用有机-无机桑树专用复混肥(TA),3 750 kg/hm2施用有机-无机桑树专用复混肥(TB),以及仅施用与TA处理等氮的尿素(TC),与TA处理等氮磷钾的复合肥(TD)。于试验第3、第4年,采用LI-6400型便携式光合作用测量系统测定4种施肥处理组的桑树叶片光合生理参数。TA和TB处理组桑树叶片的净光合速率(Pn)显著高于TC与TD处理组的桑树叶片(P<0.05);TB处理组桑树叶片的蒸腾速率(E)显著低于其它施肥处理组的桑树叶片(P<0.05),而桑树叶片光合能力(Pm)、表观量子效率(AQY)、羧化效率(CE)、1,5-二磷酸核酮糖(RUBP)最大再生速率(RUBPmax)和叶绿素含量均高于其它施肥处理组的桑树叶片,且CE和RUBPmax达差异显著水平(P<0.05);TB处理组的桑树单株产叶量均显著高于其它施肥处理的桑树(P<0.05)。研究结果提示,桑园按照3 750 kg/hm2的用量施入有机-无机桑树专用复混肥,可提高桑树的光合能力和产叶量。In four consecutive years,the test mulberry gardens were applied with 3 000 kg mulberry-special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer per hectare（TA）,3 750 kg mulberry-special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer per hectare（TB）,urea with nitrogen content equivalent to TA treatment（TC）,and compound fertilizer with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents equivalent to TA treatment（TD）.In the third and fourth years,an LI-6400 potable photosynthesis system was used to measure photosynthetic physiological parameters of mulberry leaves under the above four fertilization schemes.The net photosynthetic rate（Pn） of mulberry leaves in TA and TB treatments were significantly higher than that in TC and TD treatments（P＆lt;0.05）.The transpiration rate（E） of mulberry leaves in TB treatment was significantly lower than that in other treatments（P＆lt;0.05）.But the photosynthetic capacity（Pm）,apparent quantum yield of carbon assimilation（AQY）,carboxylation efficiency（CE）,maximum regeneration velocity of ribulose bisphosphate（RUBPmax） and chlorophyll content in TB treatment were all higher than those in other treatments.Moreover,the differences in CE and RUBPmax reached significant level（P＆lt;0.05）,and leaf yield per plant in TB treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments（P＆lt;0.05）.These results showed that application of 3 750 kg organic-inorganic compound fertilizer per hectare in mulberry garden can improve the photosynthetic capability and leaf yield of mulberry.

关 键 词：桑树 有机-无机复混肥 光合能力 产叶量 

分 类 号：S888.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]