125I粒子植入术后密切接触者辐射剂量的监测及防护  

Radiation dose monitoring and protection of close contacts after implantation of radioactive 125I seeds

作　　者：李健敏[1] 王娟[1] 张宏涛[1] 庞林宾[2] 夏海水[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省人民医院肿瘤一科,石家庄050051 [2]重庆医科大学附属第一医院

出　　处：《中华实验外科杂志》2013年第8期1711-1713,共3页Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery

摘　　要：目的探讨125I粒子植入术后密切接触者受照射的有效剂量及其警戒时间、安全距离。方法术后24h内，采用袖珍辐射仪监测30例患者距粒子植入部位垂直距离30、50、60、70、80、90、100、110、120、130、140、150cm处（模拟密切接触者）受照剂量率，并根据公式计算各人群各距离受照有效剂量、警戒时间及安全距离。结果与患者同床成人、同事、同住未成人及孕妇、同住成人的警戒时间分别为108、78、55、0d。相对应者安全距离及此距离的有效剂量分别为：60cm和（3．22±1．97）mSv、140cm和（0．516±0．225）mSv、120cm和（O．612±0．306）mSv、100cm和（O．938±0．509）mSv。结论3．5个月内各人群与术后患者接触则需采取时间、距离等防护措施；3．5个月之后不必采用防护措施。Objective To study effective doses, precaution time and safe distance of the close contacts after implantation of radioactive 125I seeds. Methods For the skin effective dose rate, pocket-size radiometer was used. The meter scanned at the point of 30, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140 and 150 cm （simulating close contacts） from the vertical skin surface. Radiation exposure rate meas- urements were obtained from 30 patients who underwent transperineal 125I seed implantation. An algorithm was developed from these measurements to determine effective doses, the precaution time and safety dis- tance. Results For the typical 125I patients, no precautions were required for nonpregnant adults who do not sleep with the patients. At the mean exposure rate, 125I patients should avoid sleeping in contact with nonpregnant adults for 108 days and should avoid keeping in contact with pregnant adults and children for 55 days. Similarly, 125I patients should avoid keeping in contact with coworkers for 78 days. The safety dis- tance of 100 cm was required for nonpregnant adults who do not sleep with the patients, and 60, 120, 140 cm for sleeping in contact with nonpregnant adults, pregnant adults and children, coworkers. Correspond- ingly, the mean radiation effective dose at 100 cm was 0.938 mSv （Std. Deviation： 0. 509） and 3.22 mSv （Std. Dev-iation： 1.97）, 0. 612 mSv （Std. Deviation： 0. 306）, 0. 516 mSv （Std. Deviation： 0. 225） at 60, 120, 140 cm, respectively. Conclusion After 125I seed implantation, time protection and distance protection should be considered to avoid radiation damage for 3.5 months. No protection is required after 3.5 months.

关 键 词：放射性 125I 粒子 安全距离 防护 

分 类 号：R142[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]