香溪河流域梯级水库大型底栖动物群落变化及其与环境的关系  

Changes of macrobenthos community and their relationships with environmental factors along cascading reservoirs of Xiangxi River Basin,China

作　　者：李斌[1,2] 申恒伦[1,2] 张敏[3] 蔡庆华[1] 邵美玲[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]长江水资源保护科学研究所,武汉430051 [4]安徽师范大学生命科学学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第8期2070-2076,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2012ZX07104-002)资助

摘　　要：分别于2005年10月和2011年10月对香溪河流域3个梯级水库的大型底栖动物群落进行了调查,探讨了大型底栖动物群落变化及其与环境的关系。结果表明:与2005年相比,2011年古洞口一级水库仍以寡毛类占优势,大型底栖动物总密度升高;古洞口二级水库中,摇蚊的优势度降低,前突摇蚊相对丰度由94.5%降低至35.5%,霍甫水丝蚓的相对丰度升至36.0%,总密度增加;香溪河库湾大型底栖动物群落发生很大变化,前突摇蚊取代颤蚓科种类成为绝对优势类群,相对丰度达到89.0%,而总密度降低,三峡水库水位剧烈波动对这一变化有推动作用。各水库大型底栖动物群落与环境因子的典型对应分析(CCA)结果表明,浊度较大的水体,前突摇蚊容易占优势,而颤蚓科的霍甫水丝蚓和正颤蚓则在水柱稳定性较高、底层水温较低的水体中更易占优势。An investigation was made on the macrobenthos communities in three cascading reservoirs in Xiangxi River Basin in October, 2005 and 2011, respectively, aimed to explore the changes of the macrobenthos communities and their relationships with the environment. As compared with that in 2005, the macrobenthos community in the three reservoirs in 2011 changed to some extent. In Gudongkou Reservoir I, Oligochaeta was still dominant, and the total macrobenthos density increased. In Gudongkou Reservoir Ⅱ, the dominance degree of Chironomidae descended, while the total macrobenthos density ascended. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of Procladius sp. declined dramatically from 94.5% to 35.5%, while that of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri increased to 36%. The macrobenthos community in Xiangxi Bay had great change. Since Chironomidae replaced Tubificidae as the absolutely preponderant species, the relative abundance of Chironomidae reached 89%, but the total macrobenthos density decreased. These changes were attributed to the drastic water level fluctuation of the ThreeGorges Reservoir. The canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） on the relationships between the macrobenthos community and environmental factors in the three reservoirs showed that Procladius sp. preferred the waters with higher turbidity, while Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Tubifex tubifex preferred the waters with higher water column stability and lower bottom water temperature.

关 键 词：香溪河库湾 水位波动 三峡水库 群落排序 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]