南方稀土采矿恢复地土壤稀土元素含量及植物吸收特征  

Concentrations of soil rare earth elements and their accumulation characteristics in plants in recovered mining wastelands in Fujian Province,South China

作　　者：李小飞[1,2] 陈志彪[1,2] 陈志强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培育基地,福州350007 [2]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第8期2126-2132,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171232;41001170)资助

摘　　要：通过野外取样调查和室内ICP-MS测定,研究了福建省长汀县稀土矿治理地土壤和主要植物中稀土元素的含量、分布以及转移特征。结果表明:稀土矿治理地的土壤养分含量较低;土壤中稀土元素的含量为507.40～841.37mg·kg-1,高于对照地土壤的含量。稀土矿治理地土壤中稀土元素主要为交换态,其含量占总量的61%～98%。稀土矿治理地土壤中稀土元素从原来偏单一的交换态转变为多种形态共存,其中有机态含量显著升高。植物根、茎、叶中稀土元素含量分别为40.27～986.01、5.14～206.58、6.81～2364.51mg·kg-1。稀土元素在植物各器官中含量水平除芒萁为叶>根>茎,其他植物均表现为根>叶>茎。根据不同植物吸收和积累稀土元素的差异,可将矿区治理地植物分为富集型和根部囤积型植物。芒萁属于富集型植物,桉树、高羊茅、宽叶雀稗、木荷和油茶属于根部囤积型植物。Based on filed sampling and laboratory analysis, this paper studied the concentration, distribution, and migration of rare earth elements （REEs） in the soils and dominant plants in recovered mining wastelands in Changting County of Fujian Province. Due to the serious destruction of the soils, their nutrient contents were lower, but the REEs concentrations ranged from 507.40 to 841.37 mg＆middot;kg-1, being higher than those of the control. The REEs in the soils were mainly in exchangeable form, accounting for 61%-98% of total. The soil REEs were transformed from single exchangeable form to a variety of fractions, and the concentration of organic fractions increased significantly. The REEs concentrations in plant root, stem, and leaf were 40.27-98601, 5.14-206.58, and 6.81-2364.51 mg＆middot;kg-1, respectively. Except that the REEs concentrations in Dicranopteris pedata organs were in the order of leaf 〉 stem 〉 root, those in the other plants organs were in the order of root 〉 leaf 〉 stem. According to the REEs concentrations in shoot and root, the plants could be classified into two types. Dicranopteris pedata was accumulator plant, whereas Eucalyptus spp., Paspalum wettsteinii, Schima superba, and Camellia＇sasanqua were rootcompartment plants.

关 键 词：稀土元素 植物 积累 植被恢复地 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]