皱纹盘鲍染色体C带和rDNA定位  

Characterization of Pacific abalone( Haliotis discus hannai) karyotype by C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization with rDNA

作　　者：蔡明夷[1,2] 刘贤德[1] 陈紫瑩[1] 蔡冰冰[1] 柯才焕[3] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,农业部东海海水健康养殖重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [2]浙江海洋学院水产学院,浙江舟山316004 [3]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《水产学报》2013年第7期1002-1008,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划(2012AA10A412);海洋渔业科学与技术浙江省重中之重学科开放课题(20110216);闽发改投资(2010)983号;广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2012B091100085);集美大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(Z81228)

摘　　要：为了提高对皱纹盘鲍染色体的辨识水平,实验利用Ba(OH)2处理显示了皱纹盘鲍染色体的C带,并用荧光原位杂交分析(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)研究了核糖体大亚基rDNA在皱纹盘鲍中期染色体上的数目与位置。核型结果显示,皱纹盘鲍染色体组包含7对中部着丝粒染色体和8对亚中部着丝粒染色体,另有3对染色体介于中部着丝粒染色体与亚中着丝粒染色体之间(m/sm)。C显带结果显示,8对染色体有稳定的着丝粒C带,5～7对染色体上有中期相间多态的端部C带,3对染色体上有同源染色体异态的臂间C带。FISH分析显示,皱纹盘鲍中期染色体上分布着4个大亚基rDNA位点,分别位于2号短臂(2S)、7号短臂(7S)、12号短臂(12S)和18号长臂(18L)的端部。研究结果为皱纹盘鲍染色体辨识提供了新的特征与标记,为进一步研究皱纹盘鲍种群的染色体多态和鲍属染色体进化提供了基础资料。The chromosomes of Pacific abalone,Haliotis discus hannai, were examined by C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） with human major rDNA （18S-5. 8S-28S ） as probes. The chromosome set of Pacific abalone was composed of 7 pairs of metacentric chromosomes, 8 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes,and 3 pairs of metacentric/submetacentric chromosomes. Stable centromeric C- bands were present on 8 pairs of chromosome. Inter-metaphase polymorphic telomeric C-bands and heteromorphic pericentric C-bands were found on 5 -7 pairs and 3 pairs of chromosomes, respectively. In addition,4 major rDNA loci were mapped onto the telomere of four pairs of chromosomes（2S ,7S, 12S and 18L）. These results provided new markers and characteristics to distinguish chromosomes in the genome of Pacific abalone, and would serve as basic data for further researches on chromosome evolution in abalone.

关 键 词：皱纹盘鲍 染色体带型 荧光原位杂交 核糖体DNA 

分 类 号：Q786[生物学—分子生物学] S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]