基于灯光罩网法的南海鸢乌贼声学评估技术研究  

Acoustic survey of the Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis resources in the South China Sea based on light falling-net

作　　者：杨权[1,2] 李永振 张鹏[2] 汤勇[1] 陈国宝[2] 张俊[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300 [3]农业部南海区渔政局,广东广州510080

出　　处：《水产学报》2013年第7期1032-1039,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划(2012AA092303);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2013ZD03);广东省科技计划项目(2010B030800008);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2012TS19)

摘　　要：南海中南部深水海域蕴藏着丰富的鸢乌贼资源,为推动南海外海渔业资源开发,实验探索了灯光罩网与声学手段相结合的鸢乌贼资源量评估方法。根据2011年4—5月在南沙群岛海域灯光罩网和Simrad EY60科学鱼探仪同步采集鸢乌贼生物学和声学数据,对鸢乌贼的趋光性行为、种群结构、声学映像和分布水层等特征进行分析。结果表明,灯光诱集结合罩网采样可确定南海鸢乌贼的单体回波,分布于0～100 m水层;通过背景噪声消除、鱼类和浮游动物目标限定、单体目标检测等处理,确定鸢乌贼现场目标强度-67～-52 dB;选择鸢乌贼渔获比例较大的网次,统计得到鸢乌贼胴长10.4～14.2 cm,对应目标强度-60.7～-58.0 dB,胴长与目标强度经验公式为TS=21.23LogML-82.48。研究认为,声学与灯光罩网相结合的调查方法可以作为南海今后开展鸢乌贼资源量评估的基本方法。Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis is a pelagic squid species widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific region ,especially in the South China Sea, S. oualaniensis is the dominant species and therein there exists abundant biomass in the central and southern deep sea. It is necessary to carry out the exploitation and assessment of S. oualaniensis resources to promote the development of the fishery resources of the South China Sea. Due to the low population densities in natural conditions, resource survey by using squid jigging machine or pelagic trawl is ineffective. Although fisheries acoustics is a faster and more efficient way to assess the resources, because of insufficient data on biology and acoustic characteristics, it（ when used alone） is not a perfect method. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore a reasonable and effective assessment method and provide theoretic basis for reasonable utilization. This study proposes a model which combines light falling-net and acoustic survey by using a split-beam echo-sounder（ Simrad EY60,120 kHz）. Based on the acoustic data and biological data obtained from light falling-net conducted in the South China Sea from April to May in 2011, S. oualaniensis distribution, population structures, as well as method of acoustic survey were analyzed. The results showed that the effects of light trapping squids were obvious and the squid was mainly distributed at depths of 0 - 100 m. The average mantle length range was 10.4 to 14.2 cm, and the corresponding range of average target strength was -58 to -60.7 dB. Based on an analysis of collected data,the relationship TS = 21. 231ogML- 82.48 was obtained for S. oualaniensis at 120 kHz, with TS in dB and ML in centimeters. Our results indicated that this method is feasible and could provide important theoretical support for the squid resource assessment.

关 键 词：鸢乌贼 目标强度 灯光罩网 声学调查 南海 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]