宿主限制长散布元件转座活性的机制  

The Mechanisms of Host Restriction on LINE-1 Element

作　　者：梁志滨[1] 梁臣 耿运琪[1] 乔文涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071 [2]Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4 [3]Department of Microbiology A ndImmunology, Mc Gill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2013年第8期711-718,共8页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：十二五重大专项(2012ZX10001006);国家自然科学基金(81271812);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划(12JCQNJC06100)资助项目~~

摘　　要：转座子约占人类基因组的45%,对基因组的结构与功能造成了重大的影响.一部分转座子现在仍然具有活性,它们的转座能引发疾病.长散布元件(long interspersed element-1,LINE-1)是现今在人类基因组中发现的唯一具有活性并能自主转座的转座子,并能介导非自主转座的元件进行转座.近年来,LINE-1的研究有新的突破,本文简述了LINE-1的结构、转座机制及对基因组的影响,重点总结和分析宿主对LINE-1的限制机制.由于LINE-1的生活周期与逆转录病毒有相似之处,也希望能够为宿主抗病毒的研究提供线索.Approximately 45% of the human genome is occupied by transposable elements. Transposable elements have had an important impact on the structure and function of human genomes. Some of these elements are still capable of transposing, and their movements often cause diseases. Long interspersed nuclear element 1 （LINE-1） is the only active autonomous transposon in humans, and it mediates the mobilization of nonautonomous elements. Recently, great progress has been made in understanding the biology of LINE-1. Here, we briefly review the structure of LINE-1, the mechanism of its mobilization, and its impact on human genome and human health. We also highlight the mechanisms that host cell has evolved to control LINE-1 replication. Given the similarity of the life cycle between LINE-1 and retroviruses, the LINE-1 research may also shed new light on the biology of retroviruses.

关 键 词：LINE-1 转座 基因组 限制 

分 类 号：Q26[生物学—细胞生物学] Q31