欧洲北部港口体系结构波动特征  

Structure Evolution of European Northern Port System

作　　者：吴旗韬[1,2,3] 张虹鸥[1] 叶玉瑶[1] 陈静[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州地理研究所,广州510070 [2]中国科学院可持续发展研究中心,北京10010 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京10010

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2012年第4期23-30,共8页World Regional Studies

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-06);2012年广州市科技计划软科学(2060404);广州地理研究所所长基金

摘　　要：国内外学者对港口体系结构演化的定性分析较深入,但从长时间尺度定量的研究较少。本文在阐述港口体系结构波动的一般特征基础上,提出港口体系结构波动的两个基本假设。引进港口体系全局指数和基尼系数,以欧洲北部港口体系为研究案例,从长时间尺度分析了传统货物运输和集装箱运输两个角度下港口体系结构的演变特征,计算结果表明,北部港口体系结构在长时间尺度趋向于集中发展,而从短时间来看,港口体系结构波动特征明显,遵循集聚发展、分散发展和均衡发展相互交替的发展规律,验证了两个基本假设。最后讨论了区位因素、港口规模以及技术进步对港口体系结构的影响过程。The hierarchy of port system changes with the elemental port develops inde- pendently. The evolution of spatial pattern can be explained with concentration and deconcentration process, which means dominance ranking with one single or several ports in one regional port system. Though former researcher qualitative analyzed the process of port system in different regions, few and invariably generalized attempts were made to quantitative study the feature from long time scale with comprehensive and systematic analysis. This paper put forward two basic hypotheses of the port system structural fluc- tuations, then with the help of Generalized Index and Gini Coefficient, the Northern Eu- ropean port system was studied. The result verified validation of two basic assumptions. From the long time scale, the port system tends to concentration with the index escala- tion; from the short time scale, the indexes fluctuate in regular, which means the struc- ture of the port system remain instable. Finally it discussed the influence of the location factors, port dimensions and technical progress of port system structure.

关 键 词：港口体系 结构波动 欧洲北部港口 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济] F555