在短寿命放射性医疗废物中发现长寿命杂质核素  

The Detecting of Long-lived Radionuclidic Impurities in Short-lived Radiopharmaceutical Waste

作　　者：陆巍巍[1] 宋福祥[2] 邢劲松[1] 马国学[2] 胡翔[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]北京市辐射安全技术中心,北京100089

出　　处：《核安全》2012年第2期29-30,F0004,共3页Nuclear Safety

摘　　要：为了确定短寿命放射性医疗废物能否清洁解控及短期的衰变贮存是否有效,本研究使用γ谱仪分析已放置了10个半衰期以上的低水平含^(99)Tc^m的放射性废物中残留的放射性核素,通过核素的全能峰定性,通过感兴趣区的净峰面积定量。经过了衰变贮存,虽然所有核素的活度浓度均低于相应的清洁解控水平,但在^(99)Tc^m废物中检出了长寿命核素^(137)Cs、^(155)Eu、^(23)Te^m、^(154)Eu,其中^(137)Cs、^(155)Eu分析为^(99)Tc^M的母体^(99)Mo生产过程中产生的杂质核素进入^(99)Tc^m所致,^(123)Te^m、^(154)Eu可能为^(99)Mo靶中杂质核素衰变而成。半衰期最长的长寿命核素^(157)Cs的半衰期为30a,短期的衰变贮存并不能使这些长寿命核素活度显著减少,可见控制放射性药物的核纯度具有重要意义,可防止后期产生的医疗废物处置复杂化。To determine if radiopharmaceutical waste can be cleared or decay-in-storage is effective for its disposal, we have evaluated the extent of this problem in low level radioactive waste involving 99Tcm over a 10 half-life cycle of decay-in-storage by identifying the residual radionuclides in our dry waste using a multi-channel γ-ray spectrum analyzer. Radionuclides were identified by the presence of characteristic photopeaks of each isotope in the γ-ray spectrum and quantified by region of interest analysis. Although all radionuclide activity concentrations were lower than their clearance level after the decay-in-storage cycle, long-lived radioisotopes 137Cs, 155Eu, J23Te＂ and J54Eu were observed in 99Tcm waste. 137Cs andJ55Eu can be the radionuclidic impurities during 99 Mo preparations, tZ3Tem and lSaEu may be the decay products from the radionuclidic impurities. Short decay-in-storage cannot decrease the activity of long-lived radionuclides greatly. So to control the nuclear purity of radiopharmaceutieal is important, which can prevent the disposal of the radiopharmaceutical waste from becoming complicated.

关 键 词：放射性核素 医疗废物 清洁解控 杂质 

分 类 号：O571.3[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]