旧题新证:先秦“狱”“讼”的法律语用演变——以出土法律文献为视角  

The Old Theme by New Proof:A Pragmatic Evolution of Law on“Prison” and“Suit”in pre-Qin Period——from the Perspective of Unearthed Legal Documents

作　　者：王捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律古籍整理研究所

出　　处：《北方法学》2013年第4期133-138,共6页Northern Legal Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"法律文明史"(项目编号11&ZD081)的前期成果之一;上海市人文社科基地华东政法大学外国法与比较法研究院项目(基地编号SJ0709);国家重点学科华东政法大学法律史学科建设项目(学科代码030102)的资助

摘　　要：《周礼》郑玄注云"狱"、"讼"分别指称"争罪"和"争财",但从出土法律文献视角通贯考察"狱"、"讼"二词在法律用语层面的语用,可以发现先秦时期的"狱"、"讼"二词并没有用于区分"争罪"和"争财",在法律用语层面上官府审案多称"狱",民间诉争则曰"讼",都是指称"案件"。郑玄注实是汉人以"汉今"律"周古"而得出的结论,以郑玄注为据而断定西周时的诉讼程序即刑民有分,于史实无证。In Rites of Zhou annotated by Zheng Xuan of Han dynasty,＂prison＂and＂suit＂referred to ＂litigation for penalty＂and＂litigation for property damages＂respectively.However,based on analysis of unearthed legal documents,from the pragmatic perspective of law,there was no such differentiation between the two legal terms.In fact,the official litigations were often referred to as＂prison＂while disputes among people without involvement of government were called ＂suit＂,and both ＂prison＂and ＂suit＂were defined as ＂cases＂.Since Zheng Xuan who lived in Han Dynasty annotated the law of the former Dynasty of Zhou,his conclusion that the criminal and civil proceedings had been separated from Western Zhou period was not convincing and in lack of historic support.

关 键 词：狱讼 出土法律文献 法律用语 语用 

分 类 号：DF08[政治法律—法学理论]