平潭海坛岛景观格局动态变化及其生态效应分析  

Study on the dynamic change of landscape pattern and its landscape ecological effects in Haitan Island of Pingtan County

作　　者：陈鹏[1,2] 吴剑[1,2] 傅世锋[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,厦门361005 [2]国家海岛规划与保护研究中心,厦门361005

出　　处：《生态科学》2013年第3期265-270,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费项目(编号:2200208)

摘　　要：以平潭海坛岛为研究区,基于1990年landsat TM和2010年ALOS遥感影像,在ArcGIS和Fragstats等软件平台支持下,运用马尔科夫转移矩阵和动态度模型,以及景观格局指数,对20年来研究区景观格局时空动态变化及其生态效应进行了定量分析。研究结果表明:近20年来景观格局动态变化显著。建设用地和居民地增长幅度最大,农用地和沙滩则降幅最显著。研究区景观格局主要景观类型为农用地和林地,景观类型转移主要表现为农用地与林地的相互转化,以及二者向城镇用地(居民地、建设用地和道路交通)转化。从类型水平上看,各类型斑块均趋于破碎化;在景观水平上,研究区景观格局向着多样化方向发展,景观的异质性增强,景观呈破碎化程度加深;从景观生态效应空间变化看,人为活动的影响沿着交通干线、城镇区在整个研究区蔓延扩展。Haitan Island of Pingtan County was chosen as the study area. Based on Landsat TM image （in 1990） and ALOS images （in 2010）, with the support of ArcGIS and Fragstats software platform, the spatial-temporal characteristics of landscape dynamic change and their ecological effects were quantitatively analyzed during the past 20 years （from 1990 to 2010）, by using the models of land use dynamic degree and transition matrix of land use types, as well as index method of landscape pattern. The results showed that the landscape pattern of study area had a significant dynamic change in the past 20 years. The land for built-up and settlement place increased continuously in large scale, while farmland decreased obviously. Farmland and forest land were the main landscape types in Haitan Island. The transition between the landscape types was mainly the changes between farmland and forest land, along with farmland and forest land changing to urban （including built-up, settlement place and road）. Based on the analysis of class level indices, the patches of various types tended to fragment. At landscape scale, landscape pattern tended to diversification; meanwhile landscape heterogeneity was increased, and the fragmentation degree was deepened. From the spatial changes of landscape ecological effect, the influences of human activities expanded along the roads and urban regions.

关 键 词：海坛岛 景观格局 动态变化 生态效应 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]